1. City of Cornwall
Solid Waste Management Master Plan

2. Presentation Overview
Development of the Solid Waste Management Master Plan
Current Solid Waste System
Waste Composition and Generation
Waste Management Legislation Impacts
Waste Management Best Practices
Public Consultation
Plan Recommendations
Proposed Implementation Schedule
Impact on Landfill Capacity
Conclusion

3. Solid Waste Management Master Plan Development
Gathered background information on the City’s existing waste management system.
Task 1: Project Initiation and Information Gathering
Description of the City’s existing waste management system.
Task 2: Review of Existing System
Analysis of the City’s current waste management program.
Task 3: Needs Analysis
Range of initiatives the City could undertake to improve its waste management system performance.
Task 4: Identification of Opportunities
Recommendations regarding which opportunities should be implemented.
Task 5: Assessment of Opportunities
Task 6: Preparation and Submission of Draft Report
Task 7: Submission of Final Report and Presentation to Council

4. Solid Waste Management Master Plan Development
The purpose of the SWMMP is to:
Provide overall direction for the waste management system.
Address collection, processing and garbage disposal needs for the next 20 years.
Identify opportunities to increase diversion.
Identify opportunities to reduce the amount of waste needing disposal.
The desired result of the SWMMP is:
The selection of a long-term waste management system and implementation of the program components of that system.

5. Current Solid Waste System
The City provides waste collection services for all single family homes, some multi-family dwellings, and come IC&I locations. The City provides:
Waste Reduction Initiatives
Promotion and Education programs
Bi-weekly Curbside Recycling Collection
Weekly Curbside Garbage Collection
Leaf and Yard Waste Collection on Scheduled Days
Household Special Waste Depot
Tire Recycling Depot
Scrap Metal Recycling Pad
Waste Wood Recycling Pad
One Active Landfill
One Materials Recovery Facility

6. Residential Waste Composition
Waste Composition and Generation
A single family non-hazardous waste audit was completed by Stantec in December 2009.
The City generates in the order of 22,000 tonnes per year of waste.
The households audited confirmed the current waste diversion rate of 24% of those total tonnes.
Residential Waste Composition
During the audit, the participation rate was 37%.
The audit results indicate that as much as 5,000 tonnes of recyclable materials might be landfilled each year.
The landfill received a total of 62,500 tonnes from all sources in 2009.

7. Residential Waste Generation (Tonnes) by Material Type
Waste Composition and Generation
Residential Waste Generation (Tonnes) by Material Type

8. IC&I Waste Generation (Tonnes) by Material Type
Waste Composition and Generation
IC&I Waste Generation (Tonnes) by Material Type

9. Waste Management Legislation Impacts
The City is currently meeting legislative requirements regarding diversion programming but not achieving provincial waste diversion targets (60%) or recyclable material capture targets (70%).
There are several proposed changes to legislation that could impact the City:
Waste Diversion Act
Blue Box Program Plan and Regulation 273/02.
Potential legislative changes have been considered in the development of the SWMMP.

10. Current System Performance Achieving Objective Yes/No
Waste Management System Performance Objectives Achievements
Best/Better Practice
Current System Performance
Achieving Objective Yes/No
Comply with Ontario Regulations 101/94 and 273/02.
The City provides blue box recycling to the residential sector and accepts recyclable materials as detailed in the regulations. ü
Comply with Waste Diversion Act
The City reports annual tonnages and costs for all materials managed as required by the WDA in the WDO datacall
Use waste management planning principles in the Provincial Policy Statement.
The City’s waste management plan is being guided by these principles.
Responsive to pending WDA/Blue Box Program Plan regulatory change.
Cornwall continues to monitor potential impacts associated with these regulatory changes.
Implement Green Procurement Policies/Influence Federal/Provincial Regulations
These policies are in place.
Provide a recycling program that collects a variety of materials.
Cornwall accepts 13 of the 17 commonly collected materials streams.
Achieve a 5% residue target from recyclable materials processing at the MRF.
Residue rate = 3.4% (2008 WDO Datacall)
Increase the IC&I participation rate in recycling programs (municipal or private).
24.7% participation in municipal curbside recycling collection program (2008). Number of IC&I facilities with private recycling collection are unknown.
Maintain recycling program costs that are similar or lower than those of other municipalities.
In 2007, the program cost/household for Cornwall was $22.50 (Small Urban category median was $38.62).
Effectively marketing recyclable materials with a good marketing strategy in place.
Cornwall’s contractor has obtained above average prices for most materials.
Encourage multi-residential buildings to follow the recycling program as stipulated in Reg /94.
Approximately 59% of multi-family dwelling units receive collection through an agreement with the City.
Operate a Municipal Hazardous Special Waste (MHSW) Depot.
Cornwall operates a MHSW Depot at the landfill on scheduled Saturdays and Wednesdays.
Operate a Waste Electronic & Electrical Equipment (WEEE) Depot.
WEEE materials are collected at the MHSW Depots.
Operate a tire diversion program.
Tires are diverted at the landfill.
Development and implementation of an up-to- date plan for recycling, as part of an Integrated Waste Management System.
This will be completed in 2010.
Multi-municipal planning approach to collection and processing recyclables.
Cornwall processes recyclables from adjacent municipalities.
Training of key program staff in core competencies
Staff trained in key areas.
Differential tipping fees.
The City does have differential tipping fees including free drop off for recycling and leaf and yard waste organics.
Enforce material bans at the landfill.
The Waste Reduction Strategy enforces material bans at landfill for cardboard, wood, scrap metal, white goods, leaf waste and scrap tires.
Waste Management Best Practices

11. Current System Performance Achieving Objective Yes/No
Waste Management System Performance Objectives Deficiencies
Best/Better Practice
Current System Performance
Achieving Objective Yes/No
Adopt a Zero Waste Policy.
Cornwall does not have a Zero Waste Policy. û
Establish a waste reduction target.
A target has not been established.
Establish a re-use centre to divert usable materials from the landfill.
A re-use area has been established at the Depot where reusable MHSW materials can be provided free of charge to the public. There is no re-use area for bulky items.
ü/û
Achieve the Province’s 60% municipal waste diversion target.
Residential diversion rate = 24%
Achieve the Province’s 70% blue box capture target.
Capture rate = 54%
Attain a 75% residential participation rate in the blue box program.
Waste audit data (November, 2009) provides order of magnitude estimate of 37%.
Maintain a well developed, comprehensive promotion and education program aimed at waste reduction and diversion.
Municipalities achieving higher diversion rates spend approximately $1.00/hhld/year, 2007 Promotion & Education cost for Cornwall = $0.20/hh/year.
Maximize the amount of organic material collected.
Leaf and yard program only. No food waste organics program.
Optimization of operations in collections and processing.
Optimization studies have not been undertaken for collection but MRF efficiencies were evaluated with MRF reconstruction.
Establish and enforce policies like bag tags, bag limits, clear waste bags for garbage that encourage waste diversion.
No policies are in place.
Optimize diversion through collection system configuration.
Cornwall collects recyclables at half the frequency of garbage and has not promoted/investigated the use of alternatives e.g. larger containers, clear garbage bags etc.
Following generally accepted principle (GAP) for effective procurement and contract management.
Result of up-to-date plan if recommendations implemented.
Identify operating improvements at the landfill aimed at increasing landfill capacity.
No recent assessment has been undertaken.
Waste Management Best Practices

12. Waste Management Best Practices
The recommendations in the SWMMP are aimed at improving or expanding on already existing programs and strategies and initiating new programs and strategies to reduce system deficiencies.
These initiatives will enable the City to meet provincial waste diversion targets as well as their own economic, environmental and social objectives.
Recommendations include the elimination of various existing programs that provide incentives to dispose of waste as opposed to incentives to reduce or divert waste.

13. Public Consultation
Public Consultation Session held in Cornwall on May 13, 2010.
Approximately 30 people attended the session.
Nine responses were received either hand-written on the comment sheets or via .
Comments/concerns included:
Free containers would assist with diversion efforts.
Concerns about bag limits e.g. for larger families.
Emphasized need for education re: new and existing programs.
Concerns raised about costs for implementation.
Overall there was support for the proposed initiatives and for conserving landfill capacity.

14. Recommendations: Waste Reduction and Reuse
Adoption of a Zero Waste philosophy.
Assess existing re-use initiatives in the City and the cost-benefit of adding a City re-use centre(s) particularly to address bulky waste.
Participate in/comment on provincial policy guidelines and waste regulatory change to promote waste reduction.

15. Recommendations: Waste Diversion
Alternative Container Implementation / Provision of Blue Boxes
Multi-Residential Recycling Program with a Pilot Study
Public Open Space and Special Event Recycling
Assess Depot Programs for Added Diversion
Full-Scale Waste Audit and Composition Study

16. Recommendations: Waste Diversion
Elimination of Multi-Residential Waste Credit
Development of a Communications Strategy
Implement Bag Limit / Bag Tag or Clear Bag with Enforcement Program
Materials Recovery Facility Optimization
Organic Waste Collection and Processing – Pilot Study & Full Scale Implementation

17. Recommendations: Collection
Weekly Recycling Collection
Elimination of Bulky Item Collection with Garbage
Bi-Weekly Garbage Collection
Recommendations: Administration
Increase Waste Management Staffing Levels
Adopting Best Practices in Contracting
Five Year Plan Review
By-Law Amendments to Support Programming

18. Recommendations: Waste Disposal
Short-term:
Engineering / Operations Assessment – Landfill Operations
Charge Fees for Residential Waste Disposal at the Landfill
Increase Landfill Tipping Fee
Market Place Assessment – WWTP and other Organic Waste Capacity Elsewhere
Long-term:
Development of a new landfill – approvals required.
Export waste to privately owned disposal facilities in or outside of Ontario.

21. Impact on Landfill Capacity
Estimated that based on diversion programs and implementation timelines proposed, approximately 1 to 2 years of landfill capacity will be saved with no added IC&I waste diversion initiatives (e.g. alternative processing of WWTP and other organic wastes along could extend capacity by an additional 2-3 years.

22. Conclusions
The City has an opportunity to implement a number of options to achieve its solid waste management planning objectives.
The recommendations address gaps between the City’s existing waste management system and industry best practices and provincial policy standards.  
Recommendations can increase the current diversion rate from approximately 24% to 69.