2. Thomas Deml Principal Program Manager Microsoft Corp WIA 302
Architecting a Scalable WebHosting Platform with Internet Information Services (IIS)
Thomas Deml
Principal Program Manager
Microsoft Corp
WIA 302

3. Agenda The Problem with Web Hosting The IIS7 Hosting Platform
The IIS7 Hosting Extensions
Hosting Best Practices
Resources

4. The Problem with Web Hosting
As a Web Hoster you provide a solution to run untested, buggy and fragile code in a cost effective manner
Requirements:
Prevent web applications from monopolizing the system
Isolate web applications from each other
Offer your hosting solutions at very low cost
Troubleshoot issues caused by differences between the developers coding environment and the hosting environment
Be able to grow beyond a single machine

5. The IIS 7 Platform – Tuned for Hosting
The IIS Process Model
On-demand architecture tuned for hosting web applications
A powerful new configuration system
Bye, bye Metabase
Compelling administration options
Command-line, scripts, APIs
First class troubleshooting
Provides transparency what’s going on inside IIS

6. IIS 7 On-Demand Architecture
Service Host (SVCHost.EXE)
Worker Process (W3WP.EXE)
Static File Handler
PHP
ASP.Net
Read Configuration
Authenticate
Authorize
Map Request
Handle Request
Send Response
Log Request
Worker Process (W3WP.EXE)
Static File Handler
PHP
ASP.Net
Read Configuration
Authenticate
Authorize
Map Request
Handle Request
Send Response
Log Request
Worker Process (W3WP.EXE)
Static File Handler
PHP
ASP.Net
Read Configuration
Authenticate
Authorize
Map Request
Handle Request
Send Response
Log Request
Worker Process (W3WP.EXE)
Static File Handler
PHP
ASP.Net
Read Configuration
Authenticate
Authorize
Map Request
Handle Request
Send Response
Log Request
Configuration (applicationhost.config)
Windows Process Activation Service (WAS)
World Wide Web Service (W3SVC)
HTTP.SYS Kernel-Mode Listener

7. Applicationhost.config
Request Flow
Service Host (SVCHost.EXE)
Worker Process (W3WP.EXE)
Log Request
Send Response
Handle Request
Map Request
Resolve Cache
Authorize Request
Authenticate Request
Read Configuration
Applicationhost.config
Windows Process Activation Service (WAS)
Static File Handler
PHP
ASP.Net
Bindings:
World Wide Web Service (W3SVC)
HTTP Protocol Host
HTTP Listener Channel
HTTP.SYS Kernel-Mode Listener
Request Queue
Response Cache

8. Provisioning Web-Sites with the IIS Powershell Snap-in
demo
Provisioning Web-Sites with the IIS Powershell Snap-in

9. The IIS Process Model Offers…
Hosting for 1000’s of web sites and applications
Efficient Resource Management
On demand activation
Timeout of worker processes when no requests
Health Monitoring of web applications
Rapid Fail Protection
Recycling of IIS Application Pools
Based on certain parameters, e.g. lifetime, number of requests, schedule etc.
Prevents resource exhaustion, e.g. by limiting number of worker processes that can be active at the same time.
Isolation of Web Sites
IIS 7.5 Application Pools run under different virtual accounts by default

10. IIS7: A New Configuration Stack
Metabase is gone
The IIS Configuration System is
Delegated
Configuration an live with the content
IIS settings can be stored in web.config files together with ASP.NET configuration
XCopy deployment of application configuration
Discoverable
Well-schematized, readable XML
Portable
Can be xcopied or shared between multiple machines
Flexible
Configuration sections or even individual attributes can be locked
Adding configuration easy – changes picked up immediately
Microsoft Confidential

11. Configuration
Readable, extensible, delegateable, distributed, centralized
Readable
XML file
Global configuration file: ApplicationHost.config
Contains all sites, appPools, default settings…
Location determined by redirection.config
Allows configuration “locking” to distribute config
Support XCopy deployment of web server configuration
Distributed configuration file: Web.config
Lives with content
Can be local or remote UNC path
Support XCopy deployment of application configuration
Metabase available as optional component
Can provide compatible APIs for existing scripts
Only writes to applicationHost.config
Only supports existing IIS6 properties

12. IIS7 Shared Configuration
Shared Config is great for…
Simple redirection of configuration to UNC location
Quickly moving sites, applications, or servers
Keeping the configuration in sync
Staging and rolling back server changes

13. IIS7 Administration User Interface Command-line
A New, Extensible User Interface
Remotable via HTTP(S)
Delegatable
Command-line
APPCMD command-line tool
Single tool to change every IIS setting and more
Replaces ADSUTIL.VBS
PowerShell Snap-In and commandlets
Scripted Administration
WMI Provider
AhAdmin
COM interfaces
To learn more:
Microsoft.Web.Administration
.NET API
To learn more:

14. Configuration Editor Programmatic Administration Made Easy
demo
Configuration Editor Programmatic Administration Made Easy

15. First Class Troubleshooting
What’s going on inside IIS?
Request Tracing
Generate a detailed request trace based on the rules you specify
Run-time State and Control
See what requests are in flight
Detailed Errors
More information for a local user

16. Troubleshooting Web Server Issues
demo
Troubleshooting Web Server Issues

17. The Hosting Extensions
Web Deployment Tool
Synchronization of content
Application packaging
Application Request Router 2.0
Fail-over and host-based routing to increase availability of your sites
FTP Server 7 and 7.5
Secure FTP Access with FTP over SSL
Host multiple FTP sites – no separate IP address needed
Integrated site management
Extensible Authentication and Logging
Database Manager
Lightweight, remoteable database management

18. Web Deployment Tool Simplified Web Site and Web Farm Management
Synchronize servers or sites on IIS 6.0 or IIS 7.0
Differential Sync
Updates only changed properties and objects
Site or Server Snapshots
for later restore, versioning or offline deployment, automation of deployment tasks
Provider-based
IIS6 and 7 configuration
Directory and file content
SSL certificates
.NET Assemblies,
Registry keys and more
IIS6-to-7 Migration
MICROSOFT CONFIDENTIAL

19. Deploying to a Live Web Server
demo
Deploying to a Live Web Server

20. Application Request Router 2.0
Proxy based HTTP request routing module
Makes routing decisions on application layer (layer 7)
Provides high availability and scalability for servers
Supports SSL-offloading
Does not support SSL tunneling
Works with other IIS7 modules to provide higher throughput
Can be run on Server Core for a lightweight appliance server
and…
ARR is free!

21. demo
Scale out using ARR

22. ARR Hostname Affinity
ARR affinitizes the requests for a site to the same server for the lifespan of the site’s worker process
Prerequisites:
Shared Configuration
Shared Content
More Information:

23. Traditional Hosting www.site1.com www.site2.com www.site3.com … … : …
Web server
Content
Config
Web server
Content
Config
Web server
Content
Config
Internet
DNS
User

24. Without Hostname Affinity
No redundancy among sites
Underutilization
Administrator has to manually load balance the traffic by limiting the number of sites per server
Server resources may not be utilized evenly across servers
The administrator has to manage multiple configuration files

25. Hosting with ARR Hostname Affinity
Shared Content to
Shared Config
Web server
Web server
Web server :
DNS
ARR
Internet
User

26. Benefits of ARR Hostname Affinity
Requests are dynamically load balanced
Horizontal scale by adding new servers without predefined site allocations
Resources are more evenly distributed
High Availability
Only one configuration to manage

27. Hosting Best Practices
Constraining Resource Consumption
Site Isolation
Improving Scalability
Misc

28. Constraining Resource Consumption
CPU
Application Pool Configuration
WSRM
Memory
Recycling
Private or Virtual Memory Consumption
DynamicIdleThreshold
Bandwidth
Media Pack Bandwidth Throttling
Disk
In W2K8: Disk Quotas now per directory!
File System Resource Manager COM object
FSRM.FsrmQuotaManager

29. Site Isolation Use one Application Pool per site
Virtual Application Pool Identities
Default in IIS 7.5, available in Windows Server 2008 SP2 (IIS 7.0)
ACL for “IIS AppPool\<AppPool identity>”
Doesn’t work for Shared Content!
No need for a per-site anonymous user
Username can be set to “” and current Application Pool identity is used

30. Improving Scalability
DynamicIdleThreshold
Will dynamically reduce idle timeout of Application Pools if memory gets tight
Run 32-Bit Application Pools on 64-Bit
Use less memory
Enable32BitAppOnWin64 property
Enable Dynamic Compression to reduce Bandwidth Consumption

31. Additional Hosting Best Practices
Server Core
Administration by scripting on IIS 7.0
IIS 7.5 (Windows Server 2008 R2) supports full admin stack including Remote UI and Powershell
Database Manager
Lightweight way to allow customers to manage their databases
Troubleshooting
Custom Errors setting can be delegated

32. Summary
IIS 7 provides a reliable, secure and cost effective platform to host 1000’s of web sites
IIS Extensions like the Application Request Router and the Web Deployment Tool complement the IIS7 feature set and enable new hosting scenarios

33. question & answer

34. Resources Required Slide Speakers, www.microsoft.com/teched
TechEd 2009 is not producing
a DVD. Please announce that
attendees can access session
recordings at TechEd Online.
Resources
Sessions On-Demand & Community
Microsoft Certification & Training Resources
Resources for IT Professionals
Resources for Developers

35. Related Content Required Slide Speakers,
please list the Breakout Sessions, TLC Interactive Theaters and Labs that are related to your session.
Related Content
SVR304 Extend Your Web Server: What's New in Internet Information Services (IIS) Wednesday 10:45 – David Lowe
WIA203 Streaming with Internet Information Services (IIS) and Windows Media Services Tuesday 9:00 – Bernhard Frank
WIA201 Microsoft Web Platform Overview Tuesday 10:45 – Bill Staples

36. Track Resources Required Slide
Track PMs will supply the content for this slide, which will be inserted during the final scrub.
Track Resources
IIS Community Portal:
IIS Forums:
Learn about IIS:
IIS Extensions:

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38. Required Slide
© 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.