Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Actinopterygian Relationships III Biology of Fishes

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "Actinopterygian Relationships III Biology of Fishes"— Presentation transcript:

1 Actinopterygian Relationships III Biology of Fishes 10.4.2012

2 Overview Review (Actinopterygian Relationships II)
Actinopterygian Relationships III : Acanthopterygii Exam I Review

3 Actinopterygian Relationships III
Holostei (gars, bowfins) Teleostei (teleosts “modern fishes”) - Elopomorpha (eels, tarpons, relatives) - Osteoglossomorpha (bonytongues) -Clupeomorpha (herrings, shad, relatives) -Ostariophysi (minnows, catfishes, characins, relatives) -Protacanthopterygii Acanthomorpha -Paracanthopterygii -Acanthopterygii Teleostei Neoteleostei Euteleostei

4 Actinopterygian Relationships

5 Actinopterygian Relationships
Neoteleostei Acanthomorpha (teleosts “modern fishes”) - Paracanthopterygii (cods, anglers, cavefishes) - Acanthopterygii Acanthomorpha

6 Actinopterygian Relationships
Paracanthopterygii (cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha (mullets) - Atherinomorpha (silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

7 Acanthopterygii

8 Actinopterygian Relationships
Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) Most diverse group of bony fishes; ~15,000 species Two major synapomorphies Ascending process – dorsal extension of premaxilla Most highly developed pharyngeal dentition and function based on new muscle and bone attachments Ctenoid scales Physoclistous gas bladder 2 dorsal fins (1 spiny-rayed, 1 soft-rayed) Pelvic and anal fin spines Pelvic fins forward, pectoral fins laterally positioned

9 Acanthopterygii

10 Actinopterygian Relationships
Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) Most advanced fishes, dominate shallow productive habitats of marine and many freshwater environments Controversial phylogeny (follow Nelson 2006)

11 Actinopterygian Relationships
Paracanthopterygii (cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha (mullets) - Atherinomorpha (silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers, and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

12 Mugilomorpha

13 Actinopterygian Relationships
Mugilomorpha (mullets) Nearshore, catadromous; ~80 species “primitive” acanthopterygians (cycloid or intermediate cycloid-ctenoid scales); no pelvic girdle attachment Detritivores, feed on organic silt Important food fish

14 Actinopterygian Relationships
Paracanthopterygii (cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha (mullets) - Atherinomorpha (silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

15 Atherinomorpha

16 Actinopterygian Relationships
Atherinomorpha (silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and relatives) Surface-dwellers, marine and freshwater, ~1500 species Unique protruding upper jaw, superior mouths Internal fertilization and live-bearing in many species Some unisexual (all female) species

17 Atherinomorpha

18 Actinopterygian Relationships
Paracanthopterygii (cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha (mullets) - Atherinomorpha (silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)

19 Actinopterygian Relationships

20 Actinopterygian Relationships
Percomorpha (“perch-shaped” fishes) Most advanced clade of fishes ~13,000 species; primarily marine, many successful freshwater Primary synapomorphy is anteriorly placed pelvic girdle attached to pectoral girdle directly or via ligament Pelvic fin with anterior spine and 5 soft rays (typically)

21 Percomorpha (basal groups)
Stephanoberyciformes (whalefishes) Beryciformes (squirrelfishes) Zeiformes (dories) Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks, seahorses) Synbranchiformes (swamp eels) Scorpaeniformes (scorpionfishes, sculpins, relatives)

22 Percomorpha (advanced groups)
Perciformes (perch-like fishes) Pleuronectiformes (flatfishes) Tetraodontiformes (puffers, triggerfishes, relatives)

23 Percomorpha

24 Percomorpha (basal groups)
whalefishes dories squirrelfishes swamp eels seahorses, sticklebacks scorpionfishes, sculpins

25 Percomorpha (advanced groups)
Perciformes Pleuronectiformes Tetraodontiformes

26 Exam I Review Exam Format (multiple choice, short answer, short essay)
Phylogenetic Relationships Terms (monophyletic, synapomorphy, catadromous) Examples of major concepts, relationships & groups “salmon are anadromous…” “two major factors that have contributed to the success of teleosts” “mobile maxilla is important because…” Journal Articles

27 Exam I Review Phylogeny Group Project topics due Thursday 10.11.2012
Complete Craniate Phylogeny Know common and scientific names* Start at Hagfishes (Myxiniformes*) End at Percomorpha* (Perch-shaped fishes) Know some examples of component groups Group Project topics due Thursday

28 Complete Phylogeny CRANIATES Chondrichthyes Sarcopterygii Vertebrates
Osteichthyes Actinopterygii

29 Complete Phylogeny Hagfishes Vertebrates Lampreys
Gnathostomes (possess jaws) - Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes) - Osteichthyes (bony fishes) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes) Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)

30 Complete Phylogeny Sarcopterygii (lobe fins) Actinopterygii (ray fins)
- Cladistia (bichirs, reedfish) - Chondrostei (sturgeons, paddlefishes) -Holostei (gars, bowfins) -Teleostei (teleosts, “modern fishes”)

31 Complete Phylogeny Holostei (gars, bowfins)
Teleostei (teleosts “modern fishes”) - Elopomorpha (eels, tarpons, relatives) - Osteoglossomorpha (bonytongues) -Clupeomorpha (herrings, shad, relatives) -Ostariophysi (minnows, catfishes, characins, relatives) -Protacanthopterygii Acanthomorpha -Paracanthopterygii -Acanthopterygii Teleostei Neoteleostei Euteleostei

32 Complete Phylogeny Paracanthopterygii (cods, anglers, cavefishes, relatives) Acanthopterygii (spiny-finned fishes) - Mugilomorpha (mullets) - Atherinomorpha (silversides, flyingfishes, liverbearers and rel.) -Percomorpha (perch-shaped fishes)


Download ppt "Actinopterygian Relationships III Biology of Fishes"

Similar presentations


Ads by Google