1. petrologi [TGS7208] 2 SKS teori 1 SKS praktikum Semester 2, 2017-2018
by:
hill. gendoet hartono

2. UTS UAS Siklus Batuan, Kontrak Kuliah, Kelulusan, & Praktikum
Magma, Diferensiasi, Viskositas, Gas dan Komposisi
Batuan Beku, Intrusi Dalam & Karakteristiknya
Batuan Gunung Api, Intrusi Dangkal & Karakteristiknya
Batuan Gunung Api, Lelehan, Letusan & Karakternya
Klasifikasi Batuan Beku & Gunung Api
Batuan Alterasi
UTS
Batuan Sedimen, Jenis & Proses Pembentukan
Batuan Sedimen Silisiklastika
Batuan Sedimen Karbonat
Klasifikasi Batuan Sedimen
Batuan Metamorf, Jenis & Proses Pembentukan
Batuan Metamorf Derajat Rendah, Menengah & Tinggi
Klasifikasi Batuan Metamorf
UAS

3. Minerals to Rocks: Major Rock Groups

4. Igneous Rocks:
Approximately 90% of the earth's crust is composed of igneous rocks but their great abundance is hidden on the earth's surface by a relatively thin layer of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. "Igneous rocks" are formed by cooling and solidification of magma. 'Magma' is a hot viscous, siliceous melt containing water vapor and gases. It comes from great depth below the earth's surface. It is composed mainly of O, Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na and K. When magma comes out upon the earth's surface, it loses its gases. Such magma is called "lava".

5. Intrusive Rocks:
Intrusive rocks are formed when magma crystallizes beneath the earth's surface. Depending on the depth of formation, intrusive rocks are divided into two groups: (1) plutonic rocks, and (2) hypabyssal rocks.
Plutonic Rocks - Rocks crystallized at great depths are called "plutonic rocks". A magma which is deeply buried in the earth's crust. Cools slowly with the retention of the volatiles. As a result the mineral constituents crystallizing from it have time to grow to considerable size giving the rock a coarse grained texture.
Hypabyssal Rocks-hypabyssal rocks are formed when magma solidifies close to the earth's surface. These rocks occur as injections within the country rocks. Their textures are usually finer grained than those of plutonic rocks but coarser than those of volcanic rocks. The hypabyssal rocks commonly show porphyritic texture.

6. BATUAN BEKU PLUTONIK/
INTRUSI DALAM

7. Definition of plutonic rock
: an igneous rock (as granite) of holocrystalline granular texture regarded as having solidified at considerable depth below the surface
Plutonic (pluːˈtɒnɪk)
Adj
(Geological Science) (of igneous rocks) derived from magma that has cooled and solidified below the surface of the earth. Also: abyssal
Dictionary

8. In geology, a pluton is a body of intrusive igneous rock (called a plutonic rock) that is crystallized from magma slowly cooling below the surface of the Earth. Plutons include batholiths, stocks, dikes, sills, laccoliths, lopoliths, and other igneous formations. In practice, "pluton" usually refers to a distinctive mass of igneous rock, typically several kilometers in dimension, without a tabular, or flat, shape like those of dikes and sills. Examples of plutons include Denali, Cuillin, Cardinal Peak, Mount Kinabalu and Stone Mountain.
The most common rock types in plutons are granite, granodiorite, tonalite, monzonite, and quartz diorite. Generally light colored, coarse-grained plutons of these compositions are referred to as granitoids.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

9. A Jurassic pluton of pink monzonite intruded below a section of gray sedimentary rocks and then was subsequently uplifted and exposed, near Notch Peak, House Range, Utah.

10. Plutonic igneous
rock example:
El Capitan
Yosemite Nat. Park,
California

11. Plutonic igneous
rock example:
Kondur Barat, Batam

12. Intrusive
Granite
(large crystals)

14. Note: different crystal sizes

15. Coarse-grained igneous rock
Close up of crystals
Note the variety of crystal sizes

16. Lens-shaped Intrusions Amygdaloidal structure
Forms and Structures of Igneous Rocks
Intrusive Structures
Extrusive Structures
Sheet Intrusions
Lens-shaped Intrusions
Cone-sheet,
Ring Dikes
Subjacent
Plutons
Lava Plateau
Volcanic Cone
Laccolith
Batholith
Ropy lava
Vesicular structure
Dikes
Sills
Phacolith
Stock
Columnar Jointing
Lopolith
Diapirs
Pillow lava
Block lava
Amygdaloidal structure

19. Subjacent Plutons Batholith
Large, irregular, major deep seated intrusive masses of very large size, elongated parallel to major tectonic regime. They have an outcrop areas greater than 100 km2
Stock
Is similar to batholiths, with surface area less than 100 km2. They have steeply plunging contact with no visible floor. Boss is a term applied to stocks of circular section
Diapirs
are bodies of rock and/or magma that are buoyant and moves upwards, piercing rocks above them. They appear as ballon like bodies intruded and displaced the country.

20. Also called Plutonic
Rocks form inside the earth. Granite is the most common.
Cools slowly - Large crystals (course grain)
Magma - molten rock inside the earth.

21. Phaneritic
Over 25% quartz, about 65% or more feldspar
Very abundant - often associated with mountain building
The term granite includes a wide range of mineral compositions

22. quartz
biotite mica, amphibole
feldspar

23. Phaneritic
Has less quartz than garanite
Has less dark plagioclase than gabbro
Composed mainly of intermediate feldspar and amphibole

24. Intrusive equivalent of basalt
Phaneritic texture consisting of pyroxene and calcium-rich plagioclase
Significant % of the oceanic crust

25. See You….Soon