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9. Point of Inflexion Definition: A point of inflexion or a point of inflection or inflexional point or inflectional point (x0,y0) on a curve y=f(x) is a continuous point at which the function f(x) changes from convex to concave or vice versa.
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How many inflexional points are there?
+ - 1. x x< 0 0<x<1 x>1 y” - + 2
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10. Asymptotes to a Curve
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How many kinds of asymptotes are there?
A) Horizontal asymptote y=a B) Vertical asymptote x=b C) Oblique asymptote y= ax + b
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Definition of an asymptote to a curve
A straight line is an asymptote to a curve if and only if the perpendicular distance from a variable point on the curve to the line approaches to zero as a limit when the point tends to infinity along the curve on both sides or one side of the curve.
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Theorem 10.1 y=ax+b is an oblique asymptote to y=f(x) iff
Proof
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Thm 10.2 Proof
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Examples of finding asymptotes
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The oblique asymptote is y= the quotient when P(x) is divided by Q(x)
Oblique asymptote for special rational function f(x)=P(x)/Q(x), where deg(P(x)) = deg(Q(x))+1 The oblique asymptote is y= the quotient when P(x) is divided by Q(x)
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Procedures of sketching curves e.g.
Domain of f(x) Symmetry of f(x):periodicity, even or odd Find f’(x) and f ”(x) Monotonicity and Extrema of f(x) Convexity and Inflexional points of f(x) Asymptotes Special points e.g. intercepts
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Sketch of
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