1. Jeffersonian Presidency (1800-1808)

2. Election of 1800 Both Received 73 Electoral Votes!
Thomas Jefferson Democratic-Republican
Aaron Burr Federalist
Both Received 73 Electoral Votes!
Election went to The House of Representatives!

3. The Result The House of Representatives was deadlocked for six days.
On the 36th vote, they elected Thomas Jefferson to become the President of the United States.
Aaron Burr became VP (2nd place at the time became VP).
12th Amendment  Beginning in 1804, electors would vote separately for the President and VP.

4. Jefferson’s Inauguration
Inauguration- ceremony where the President officially takes the oath of office (becomes President).
Jefferson = First President to be Inaugurated in DC!
Set a Precedent – wanted it to be SIMPLE!
Walked in instead of on a horse and carriage.
No bowing to the President, shook hands instead.

5. Jefferson’s New Policies
Wanted to limit federal government’s power (Remember: Alien and Sedition Acts from the previous presidency)
Laissez faire- the idea that government should not interfere with the economy.
As a result of laissez faire, Jefferson:
Fired all tax collectors
Cut the number of US diplomats
Shrunk the military (cut the Army’s budget in half)
Eliminated federal taxes inside the country
He kept the following Federalist policies:
US had to pay off national debt
He did not fire Federalist office holders.

6. Marbury vs. Madison (1803)
When Jefferson came in to office, Judge William Marbury (a Federalist) lost his job through the Supreme Court.
Jefferson ordered James Madison, his Secretary of State, to stop work on appointments.
Marbury sued Madison citing the Judiciary Act of 1789, which stated that the Supreme Court had the power to review cases brought against a federal official.

7. The Result of Marbury v. Madison (1803)
The Supreme Court stated that Congress did not have the right to give power to the Supreme Court in the Judiciary Act. The Constitution gave power to the Supreme Court.
Set up a precedent of JUDICIAL REVIEW: The Supreme Court had the right to strike down unconstitutional laws.

8. The Big Question:
Does judicial review really strengthen the Constitutional principal of checks and balances or not? Justify your answer.