1. Aim: What are the smallest parts of matter?
Elements
Chemistry
Aim: What are the smallest parts of matter?
Compounds
Mixtures

4. ATOMS
Atoms are the smallest parts and the building blocks of matter

5. What are the Parts of an atom? 1) PROTONS 2) NEUTRONS 3) ELECTRONS+ -

6. Where are these parts found?+ + + +

7. The positive protons and neutral neutrons are found in the center nucleus
The negative electrons swirl around in energy levels outside of the nucleus

8. Where do you think the majority of an atom’s MASS can be found?
The NUCLEUS, which contains the
protons and the neutrons.

9. What do Atoms make up? Elements:
All matter on Earth is made of an element or combination of elements.
Elements are substances that cannot
be chemically broken down into
simpler substances.

10. What happens when you try to break an atom down?

11. HELIUM (He) ATOM
proton + N - + - N
neutron
electron

12. Let’s wrap it up! What are the smallest particles of matter?
- Atoms are the smallest particles of matter
2) What are the three subatomic particles that
make up an atom?
- Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
3) What subatomic particles are found in the
nucleus of an atom?
- Protons and Neutrons

13. Do Now
How does Shoprite
make it easy for me
to find my Twinkies?

14. What are the organizational patterns
of the Periodic Table of Elements?

15. Dmitri Mendeleev: Father of the Periodic Table
Put elements in rows by increasing atomic weight.
Put elements in columns by the way they reacted.
I am so smart.

16. The Current Periodic Table
Now the elements are put in rows by increasing ATOMIC NUMBER!!
The horizontal rows are called periods and are labeled from 1 to 7.
The vertical columns are called groups or families and are labeled from 1 to 18.
Whoops!

17. What are periods?
Periods are the rows that go across the periodic table
All elements in the same period have the same number of energy levels
Energy levels hold the electrons!

18. Groups on the periodic table
Why do you think the elements in a group are also known as a family?
They look alike, have similar properties, and react similarly.

19. Groups on the periodic table

20. Groups or families Similar physical properties Density
Boiling Point/Melting Point
Ability to conduct heat or electricity
Similar chemical properties
Ability to react with other elements.
Radioactivity

21. Group #1 : The Alkali Metals
They are the most reactive group on the periodic table

22. Group #18: Noble Gases They are the most stable
They do not react with other elements
They all conduct electricity, fluoresce, are odorless and colorless.

23. So….what happens to reactivity as you move from left to right on the table?????
IT DECREASES!!!!!!!

29. Metals, Non-metals and Metalloids
The periodic table has about 118 known elements
75 % of the chart are metals while the other 25 % are non-metal or metalloids
Metals are found on the left side of the zig-zag stairstep while non metals are on the right of it

32. METALS Metals have the following properties
Conduct heat and electricity
They are shiny (metallic luster)
They are malleable (can be shaped)
They are ductile (can be drawn thin)
All are solids at room temperature, except
Mercury (Hg), which is liquid

33. Non-Metals Non-metals have the following properties
They are poor conductors of electrical
energy
They are poor conductors of heat
(thermal) energy
Many of them are gases
They are brittle (easily breakable) if
they are solid
They can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas

34. Metalloids
Metalloids (metal-like) have properties of both metals and non-metals.
They are solids that can be shiny or dull.
They conduct heat and electricity better than non-metals but not as well as metals.
They are ductile and malleable.
They are found along the “stair-step” line separating metals from nonmetals.