Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Unit 13 – Acid, Bases, & Salts

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "Unit 13 – Acid, Bases, & Salts"— Presentation transcript:

1 Unit 13 – Acid, Bases, & Salts
Properties of Acids and Bases Properties Common Uses Neutralization and Salts Indicators Print 1-11, 13

2 HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl– A. Definitions Acids
Dissociate in water to form hydronium ions (H3O+) Proton donors HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl– H H O O Cl Cl H H H H

3 NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- A. Definitions Bases
Dissociate in water to form hydroxide ions (OH-) Proton acceptors NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- H H N O N O H H H H H H H H

4 HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl– A. Definitions Conjugate Acids & Bases
A conjugate base remains when an acid donates an H+. HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl– H H O O Cl Cl H H H H

5 NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- A. Definitions Conjugate Acids & Bases
A conjugate acid remains when a base accepts an H+. NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- H H N O N O H H H H H H H H

6 Conjugate Acid-Base Pair
two substances related by the loss or gain of a single H+.

7 Zn + 2 HCl  ZnCl2 + H2 B. Properties ACIDS BASES sour taste
sing. rep. rxn w/ metals form H2 gas conduct turn litmus red bitter taste slippery feel conduct turn litmus blue Red Ac-ed Zn + 2 HCl  ZnCl2 + H2

8 B. Properties Acetic acid HC2H3O2 Vinegar Carbonic acid H2CO3 Sodas
Hydrochloric acid HCl Stomach acid Nitric acid HNO Fertilizer, industry Ascorbic acid C6H8O Vitamin C Sulfuric acid H2SO Battery acid

9 B. Properties Sodium hydroxide NaOH Drain cleaner, soap
Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 Antacid, laxative Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 Concrete, plaster Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3 Deodorant, antacid Ammonia NH Cleaner, fertilizer

10 C. Neutralization and Salts
Neutralization – chemical reaction between an acid and a base making … HCl + NaOH  NaCl + HOH H2O = ACID + BASE  SALT + WATER

11 C. Neutralization and Salts
KOH + HNO3  H2O + KNO3 Acid? Base? Salt? donates H+ OH- accepts H+ neutral KNO3

12 C. Neutralization and Salts
Sodium chloride NaCl flavoring, preservative Sodium carbonate Na2CO glass Potassium chloride KCl salt substitute to reduce sodium Potassium iodide KI Added to table salt for more iodine Magnesium chloride MgCl2 De-icer for roads Calcium carbonate CaCO Chalk and marble Ammonium nitrate NH4NO3 Fertilizer, cold packs

13 D. Indicators Indicator changes color in an acid or base Examples:
litmus - red/blue phenolphthalein - colorless/pink red cabbage juice - pink/green

14 D. Indicators Universal Indicator

15 Quick Quiz! 1) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of acids? A) tastes sour B) turns litmus red C) feel slippery D) react with metals to form H2 gas 15

16 Quick Quiz. 2) Which compound is most likely to act as an acid and why? A) H2O B) NH3 C) NaOH D) H2SO4 b/c it can donate an H+ 16

17 Quick Quiz. 3) When a neutralization takes place, one of the products is always… A) carbon dioxide B) a salt C) sodium chloride D) a precipitate (not just NaCl) 17

18 Quick Quiz. 4) A(n) _________ changes color in an acid or base.
A) precipitate B) salt C) ammonia solution D) indicator 18


Download ppt "Unit 13 – Acid, Bases, & Salts"

Similar presentations


Ads by Google