1. Postwar Social Changes
Chapter 13.1

2. Focus Question
What changes did Western society and culture experience after WWI?

3. The Roaring Twenties Jazz
In the 1920’s the radios tuned into the new sounds of Jazz.
African American musicians combined western harmonies with African rhythms.
Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington

5. Before the 1920s Before the 20’s, women had few rights
Women were also expected to conform to very strict social rules
However, WW1 changed women’s roles in society and their perception of themselves
During the 20’s many women, especially young women, refused to go back to the old ways

6. This is an agreement between a Miss Jones, teacher and the Board of Education of Middleton School, whereby Miss Jones agrees to teach in the Middleton School for a period of eight months beginning September 1, The board of Education agrees to pay Miss Jones the sum of $75.00 per month. Miss Jones agrees:
Not to get married. This contract becomes null and void immediately if the teacher marries.
Not to keep company with men.
To be at home between the hours of 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. unless she is in attendance at a school function.
Not to loiter downtown in ice-cream parlors.
Not to leave town at any time without the permission of the Chairman of the Board of Trustees.
Not to smoke cigarettes. This contract becomes null and void immediately if the teacher is found smoking.
Not to drink beer, wine, whiskey. This contract becomes null and void immediately if the teacher is found drinking beer, wine or whiskey.
Not to ride in a carriage or automobile with any man except her brothers or father.
Not to dress in bright clothes.
Not to dye her hair.
To wear at least two petticoats.
Not to wear dresses more than two inches above the ankle.
To keep the schoolroom clean; to sweep the classroom floor, to scrub the floor at least once a week with soap and hot water, clean blackboards daily; start the stove at 7 a.m. so that the room will be warm by 8 a.m. when the children arrive; to carry out the ashes at least once a day.
Not to use face powder, mascara or paint the lips.

7. The Flapper The playful flapper here we see, The fairest of the fair.
She’s not what Grandma used to be,
You might say, au contraire.
Her girlish ways may make a stir,
Her manners cause a scene,
But there is no more harm in her
Than in a submarine.
She nightly knocks for many a goal
The usual dancing men.
Her speed is great, but her control
Is something else again.
All spotlights focus on her pranks.
All tongues her prowess herald.
For which she well may render thanks
To God and Scott Fitzgerald.
Her golden rule is plain enough –
Just get them young and treat them rough.

8. The Roaring Twenties Women
While Europe was recovering from WWI, America was experiencing a boom time.
Along with Jazz music, came the liberated young woman called the flapper.
The term flapper originated in Great Britain, where there was a short fad among young women to wear rubber galoshes (an overshoe worn in the rain or snow) left open to flap when they walked.

11. The Roaring Twenties
Flapper was the name given to liberated young women.
Flappers were highly visible, and started as a small minority.
Women had gone back home from war jobs after WWI.
The war helped many women gain the right to vote in other countries and even elected into office

12. The Roaring Twenties
Time saving devices were created for middle class homes: Washer machines, vacuum cleaners, and canned food
In the new atmosphere of the free woman, some persued careers in other areas: Women golfers, tennis players, pilots, women worked for newspapers
However the work place was still dominated by men.

13. The Women’s Christian Temperance Movement
One of the first and most powerful women’s movements
Educated about the evils of liquor
Promoted responsible citizenship and an end to domestic violence
Extremely influential in passing Prohibition Laws
Prohibition was the direct result of female suffrage – women were now a powerful political force

14. The Roaring Twenties Reactions to the Jazz Age
Not everyone approved of the freewheeling lifestyle
Many Americans supported prohibition, or banning of the sale or manufacturing of alcohol.
1919 Americans passed the 18th amendment
Instead it caused an explosion of organized crime and speakeasies.

16. The New Literature Loss of Faith
1920’s war novels, poetry, plays, and memoirs were created. They exposed the grim horrors of warfare.
Writers expressed how war was the moral breakdown of civilization.
Many American writers left the U.S. and moved to Paris. Uneasy with the behavior of the younger generation

17. New Literature Harlem Renaissance
Cultural awakening during the 1920’s.
African American writers and Artists expressed their pride in their unique culture
Poets like Langston Hughes experimented with new styles of poetry.

18. New Scientific Theories
Marie Currie (French scientist) helped in proving that radioactive atoms are divisible
Einstein's Theory of Relativity developed the theory that time and space are not absolute
Fleming discovered penicillin helping other scientist to develop an antibiotic to cure bacterial infections
Freud pioneered psychoanalysis to study and treat mental disorders.

19. Modern Art and Architecture
Art began to change by using bold colors and abstract images
Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque developed the style of Cubism. Painting 3 dimensional objects as complex angles and patterns

20. Modern Art and Architecture
Art Deco was a new style to architecture and design
Many architects rejected classical design and moved toward using concrete, glass, and steel.
Frank Lloyd Wright believed that the function of the building should determine its form.

21. Frank Lloyd Wright and the Hollyhock House

22. Frank Lloyd Wright and the Hollyhock House

23. 1920’s Art Deco Design