1. Organic Chemistry

2. Organic Chemistry The chemistry of carbon compounds
Sometimes called carbon chemistry

3. Organic Chemistry
The backbone element in the molecules of all living things is carbon

4. Carbon Chemistry
Carbon is one of the only elements that can form long chains
Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds

5. Organic Chemistry
Carbon forms covalent bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and the halogens

6. Carbon Bonding
Carbon has 4 valence electrons which can hybridize in many ways

7. Carbon Bonding
To determine the hybridization, draw the Lewis Dot Diagram of the carbon compound

8. Carbon Bonding sp3 4-single bonds sp2 2-single bonds & 1-double bond
sp 2 doubles or T + S

9. Carbon Structures
sp3 no p-orbitals
sp2 1 p-orbital
sp 2 p-orbitals

10. Carbon Bonds
sp3 4 s bonds
sp2 3 s & 1 p bonds
sp 2 s & 2 p bonds

11. Carbon sp3 Shapes AX4 tetrahedral AX3E trigonal pyramidal
AX2E2 v-shaped

12. Carbon sp2 Shapes
AX3 trigonal
planer
AX2E v-shaped

13. Carbon sp Shape
AX2 linear

14. Hydrocarbons

15. Hydrocarbons
Compounds whose molecular structures contain only carbon & hydrogen

16. Hydrocarbons
CH4 C5H10
C3H8 C18H36
C6H6 CxH2y

17. Nomenclature Naming compounds Rules made by IUPAC
International Union of Pure & Applied Chemistry

18. Drill: Write a molecular formula for a typical hydrocarbon.

19. Nomenclature Prefix: Indicates # of carbons in the group
Suffix: Indicates the type of organic compd

20. Organic Prefixes 1 = meth- 6 = hex- 2 = eth- 7 = hept-
3 = prop- 8 = oct-
4 = but- 9 = non-
5 = pent- 10 = dec-

21. Organic Suffixes -ane Sat hydrocarbon -ene DB hydrocarbon
-yne TB hydrocarbon
-ol Alcohol
-one Ketone etc