1. Bellwork Monday
A diver descends from 10m under water to 50m underwater. What is the pressure, in atm, on the diver at this depth. Use circles to represent the lungs and show what happens to them as the diver descends.

2. 13.2 The nature of liquids
Liquids and solids are condensed states of matter. Liquids and gases flow. Particles of a liquid are held together by weak attractive forces.

3. Flow flow
Condensed Condensed
Attractive Forces
None Weak Strong

4. Vaporization- the process by which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor
Evaporation- when gas molecules escape from the surface of a liquid

5. Vaporization in an open container As temperature increases, more molecules achieve enough energy to escape Evaporation rate increases when heated

6. Evaporation is a cooling process (ex. Sweating)

7. Molecules at the surface of a liquid are attracted to less molecules than are the molecules in the interior. **Remember, you must have enough energy to break attractive forces for a liquid to vaporize. So molecules with fewer attractive forces will vaporize into gas first.

8. Dynamic equilibrium rate of evaporation = rate of condensation
Vapor pressure (VP)-
pressure produced in a closed container by vapor particles colliding with the walls As temperature increases, vapor pressure increases
Dynamic equilibrium rate of evaporation = rate of condensation

9. Boiling Point (BP)-
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the external pressure/ atmospheric pressure Normal bp = bp at 1 atm Mountains= low bp Pressure cooker = high bp The temperature of a liquid never exceeds its boiling point.

11. Melting Point (MP)-
The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid (vapor pressure of solid and liquid are equal) Vibrations are strong enough to overcome attractive forces Melting point = freezing point Ionic solids= high melting point (strong attractive forces) Molecular solids= low melting point (weak attractive forces)

12. Crystal-
Most ionic solids are crystalline Atoms, ions or molecules are arranged in an orderly, repeating, 3-D pattern called a crystal lattice.

14. Unit cell- smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the geometric shape of the crystal

16. Carbon Allotropes Are :
Diamond
-forms when carbon
crystallizes under great
pressure
-tightly packed
-dense
-hard
2.Graphite loosely packed forms sheets sheets interact but bonds
between layers are weak

17. 3. fullerenes. - includes Buckminsterfullerene
3.fullerenes - includes Buckminsterfullerene (Buckyballs), a 60 carbon sphere soot - Amorphous (non-crystalline form)

18. Other amorphous solids: Rubber, plastic, asphalt, glass

19. BellWork Tuesday
1. A gas takes up 14.8 liters at 24oC. What temperature in kelvin is required to obtain a volume of 25.0 liters if the pressure is held constant? 2. A gas has a volume of 2.0 liters at a pressure of 1.5 atm. What will the volume be at a pressure of 0.80 atm if the temperature is held constant?

20. Bellwork Wednesday
Why is the boiling point of water in Denver Colorado 2 degrees lower than the boiling point of water in College Station? (Explain in 2-3 sentences!)
How many moles of chlorine gas are present at 25oC if the pressure is 762 torr and the volume is L?

21. Vocab page 0 in notebook
Write the term, define in your own words, draw a picture, give example: Amorphus solid states that flow Crystalline solid water displacement Direct gas laws Indirect gas laws Evaporation Pressure STP States that are condensed

22. Finding the Molar Volume of a Gas
Sit with your lab partner and begin reading the lab. One person needs to be in charge of part I and one person needs to be in charge of part II. You will also need to pick up your goggles from the Bin.