1. Respiratory System

2. Respiratory System
The primary goal of the respiratory system is gas exchange. During inhalation (breathing in), we take in O2, which our cells need. Our cells create a waste product, CO2, which is returned to the lungs, so that we breathe it out during exhalation.

3. Nasal passage
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Pleural membrane
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Diaphragm

4. Respiratory System Anatomy ”Quiz”
Define, or give a function of the following terms:
Nasal Passage: Inside of nose, where air is warmed, moistened, and filtered by hairs and mucous.
Pharynx: The back of your mouth/nose.

5. Respiratory System Anatomy ”Quiz”
Define, or give a function of the following terms:
Larynx Just below the pharynx, this is the site of vocal cords.
Trachea The long cartilaginous, rigid tube (also known as the windpipe) where air descends towards the lungs.

6. Respiratory System Anatomy ”Quiz”
Define, or give a function of the following terms:
Bronchi The “fork in the road” at the end of the trachea, where air enters either the left or right lung.
Bronchioles Small “branches” inside the lungs

7. Respiratory System Anatomy ”Quiz”
Define, or give a function of the following terms:
Alveoli Small sacs on the ends of bronchioles that have an immense surface area. They are surrounded by capillaries (small blood vessels)
Diaphragm Muscle at the base of the chest cavity. When you inhale, it descends, drawing air into the lungs.

8. INHALATION (Breathe in)
Diaphragm contracts (goes down)
Intercostal muscles move rib cage out

9. EXHALATION (Breathe out)
Diaphragm relaxes (goes up)
Intercostal muscles relax, rib cage returns to original position.

11. Which would dissolve faster? Powdered sugar or a sugar cube?
Powdered sugar would dissolve faster because more of its surface area is exposed.
The more surface area is exposed, the faster it will dissolve.

12. Warmup Question
Why does snow collect on the rear window of a moving car?

13. Warmup Question What is the area and volume of this Rubik’s cube? 3 cm

14. Warmup Question
This Rubik’s cube has been broken into 27 cubes that are 1x1x1 cm. What is the area and volume?

15. Big idea in science #2!
The more surface area is exposed, the faster a chemical reaction can take place.

16. What does this have to do with alveoli?
All of your alveoli within your lungs have immense surface area, which facilitates the diffusion of oxygen into the bloodstream.
The total surface area of all your alveoli is approximately the size of a tennis court.

17. More respiratory anatomy to know
Intercostal muscles lift rib cage out during inhalation, increasing the volume of the chest cavity.

18. More respiratory anatomy to know
The epiglottis is a small flap at the top of your trachea that blocks food and drinks from entering the trachea.
If you breathe while eating/drinking, it will open and food/drink will go down the trachea, causing you to cough it out (“going down the wrong way”)

19. More respiratory anatomy to know
The uvula blocks food or drink from entering your nasal passageway by descending when you swallow.

20. Close-up view of alveolus and blood vessel
The blood vessel does not actually touch the alveolus. So how does O2 get into the blood stream and CO2 get out?

21. …because of DIFFUSION (aka big idea in science #1)