1. The Divisive Politics of Slavery
Section 1

2. Differences Between North and South
Industry and Immigration in the South
Industrialization of the North
Increase in immigrant population
New voters
Competition for unskilled jobs
Decrease in white workers status

3. Agriculture and Slavery in the South
South produces only about 10% of manufactured goods
Slow to improve transportation
Few immigrants settle there

4. Slavery in the Territories
The Wilmot Proviso
Wilmot Proviso
“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist” in any territory the United States might acquire as a result of the war with Mexico
Supported by Northerners
Southerners opposition
Property issues
Territories belong to all of the Union
Never passed the Senate

5. Statehood for California Gold rush California applies for statehood
Rapid increase of population
California applies for statehood
Constitution forbids slavery
South thought Cali would come in as a slave state
Below Missouri Compromise line
Pres. Taylor allowed Cali to enter free
Not suitable terrain and climate for slavery
Slavery should be an issue for the territory
South ponders succession

6. The Senate Debates Clay’s Compromise Compromise of 1850
Cali admitted as free state
Utah and New Mexico territories can decide on own
Texas get $10 mil for claimed New Mexico territory
No slave trading in DC, but residents of DC and Maryland could decide
Stricter fugitive slave law
With much effort and the support of the new president the compromise is passed

7. Protest, Resistance, and Violence
Section 2

8. Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad
Fugitive slave law
no trial by jury
Can not testify
Fed. Commissioners receive $10 if slave is returned - $5 if set free
Anyone convicted of helping fugitives
$1000 fine
6 months in prison

9. Northern attempts resist the Fugitive Slave Act
Resisting the Law
Northern attempts resist the Fugitive Slave Act
Personal liberty laws
Forbid the imprisonment of fugitive slaves
Guaranteed slave trial by jury
Lawyers dragged trail out for years

10. Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad
Secret network of escape routes and safe houses helping slaves escape to the free North
Harriet Tubman
Former slave
Made many trips back into the South to help free slaves – helped as many as 300
$40,000 bounty on her head

11. Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852
Portrayal of slavery and the tratment of slaves enraged Northerners
Southerners claimed book was all lies and was a deliberate attack on the South as a whole

12. Tension in Kansas and Nebraska
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
Divided territory west of Iowa and Missouri into two territories
Repealed Missouri Compromise
Left the future of slavery in those territories up to the residents

13. Bleeding Kansas
A race began by both sides to flood the territory with their supporters
- South is able to gain control of
Kansas with the help of votes from
Missouri residents
- Angered Northerners set up a rival
government

14. The Sack of Lawrence Antislavery town
Proslavery grand jury condemns settlers as traitors – sheriff sent to arrest them
800 armed men – proslavery
Burn down antislavery headquarters
Destroy printing presses
Loot houses and stores

15. The Pottawatomie Massacre
John Brown and his followers pulled 5 men from their beds and cut their hands off and stabbed them to death
Massacre triggers dozens of acts of violence leaving approx. 200 people dead

16. Violence in the Senate

17. Slavery and Secession
Section 4

18. Slavery Dominates Politics
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Slave from Missouri
Travels to Illinois and Wisconsin then back to MO
Sued in federal court that he should be free
Supreme court ruled that Scott could never be a citizen and therefore had no legal standing
Ruled Missouri Compromise unconstitutional
Interfered with slaveholders' right to own property

19. Lincoln - Douglas Debates
Running for US Senate
Douglas – Democratic incumbent
Lincoln – Republican challenger
Differing positions on slavery
YouTube - Lincoln-Douglas Debate: Slavery

20. The Freeport Doctrine Douglas-
“Slavery cannot exist a day or an hour anywhere, unless it is supported by the local police regulations”
Was a way around the Dred Scott decision

21. Passions Erupt Harper’s Ferry
1859 – John Brown led 18 men in an effort to start a slave uprising
Wanted to seize federal arsenal
Distribute weapons to slaves
Troops kill 10 men, Brown is captured and tried for treason
Brown is hanged

22. Lincoln is Elected President
The Election of 1860
Lincoln wins
Lincoln receives less than half the popular vote
Received no electoral votes from the South
Did not even appear on some Southern ballots

23. Southern Secession South Carolina is the first to secede Dec 20, 1860
Followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas

24. The Shaping of the Confederacy
Confederate States of America formed on Feb 4, 1861 in Montgomery, Alabama
Wrote new constitution that stressed
Slavery in new territories
States are sovereign and independent
Elect former senator Jefferson Davis as president
Lincoln is inaugurated in March, 1861