1. Nutrition & Metabolism
Chapter 14

2. Nutrient
What are the 6 major types of nutrients?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Minerals
Vitamins
water
Substance in food that is used by the body to promote normal growth, maintenance and repair

3. Carbohydrates Sugars and starches Role in body:
Provide energy for cells
How many grams of carbohydrates are you supposed to eat per day?
250 g

4. Lipids Saturated fats- meat
Unsaturated fats- seeds, nuts, vegetable oil
Cholesterol- egg yolk, meats, milk
Role in body:
Make up cell membranes
Insulation
Energy storage
Signaling- hormones

5. Proteins Eggs, milk, meats Role in body: Enzymes
Amino acids broken down and used for tissue maintenance and growth

6. Vitamins Organic nutrients that the body requires in small amounts
Role in body:
Function as coenzymes that help enzymes accomplish their jobs in the body
What is the only vitamin you can get without eating it?
Vitamin D; you can get it from sunlight

7. Minerals Essential to the body in small amounts 7 major minerals
Of these minerals, which is the most abundant in the body?
Calcium
Essential to the body in small amounts
7 major minerals
Chloride
Magnesium
Calcium
Phosphorus
Potassium
Sulfur
Sodium

8. Metabolism
All chemical reactions in the body that are necessary to maintain life
Catabolism
substances are broken down into simpler substances
Energy is released and captured to make ATP
Digestion
Anabolism
larger molecules are made from smaller ones
Requires ATP

9. Cellular Respiration
Using carbohydrates (glucose) and oxygen to make most of the energy needed in the body
C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 H2O + 6 CO2
Makes 36 ATP