1. Genetics

2. Nature vs. Nurture

3. Methodology
Twin studies
Adoption studies

4. Minnesota twin study, Bouchard et al. (combo)
identical twins more similar than fraternal

5. Temperaments
Buss & Plomin
Emotionality
Sociability
Activity level

6. Interaction of Nature & Nurture
Environment effects genes
PKU
MAO and antisocial behavior
In males:
Low genotype + maltreatment  antisocial beh.
High genotype no inc. antisocial beh even with maltreatment
Low genotype without maltreat.  slight inc, but not significant

7. Environments Shared (relatively little effect compared to genes)
Non-shared
Within Family (birth order, diff. treatment, events)
Outside Family (peers, school, events)

8. Genes effect environment
Examples:
Emotionality and attachment
Physical attractiveness and self-esteem

9. Genes and Personality No single gene,
instead multiple genes in complex combinations and patterns,
turned on and off by experiences

10. Implications??? When we can genetically engineer personality,
should we ???

11. Evolutionary Psychology

12. Darwin
Natural and Sexual Selection
Basic assumptions

13. Example
Gender Differences (Men are from Mars...)

14. Criticisms Post-hoc explanation NOT proof
(not entirely fair criticism)
Alternative interpretations
Does not explain individual differences
Is change possible???
Evolution marches on!