1. Plagiarism and Copyrights
University of the Philippines
College of Education
Educational Technology Department
EDUC190 – Computers in Education
Plagiarism and Copyrights
Ferdinand B. Pitagan, PhD
Professor of Education

2. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarize" means
to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own
to use (another's production) without crediting the source
to commit literary theft
to present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source.
Source:

3. Types of Plagiarism Sources Not Cited
"The Ghost Writer" "The Photocopy"
"The Potluck Paper"
"The Poor Disguise"
"The Labor of Laziness"
"The Self-Stealer"
Sources Cited (But Still Plagiarized)
"The Forgotten Footnote"
"The Misinformer"
"The Too-Perfect Paraphrase"
"The Resourceful Citer"
"The Perfect Crime"
Source:

4. Plagiarism Burke’s survey with 742 Faculty, USA
86% had suspected plagiarism;
65% had found it in the classroom
A UK survey of 943 sophomores
Reasons for plagiarism:
too much homework, high pressure
Some studies (e.g. Hayes & Introna, 2005)
Cultural norms play a role;
Seriousness in plagiarizing Internet sources

5. Plagiarism Rinnert and Kobayashi (2005)
Japanese and 76 American college students
--- Japanese college students lack understanding in the need to fully and correctly cite sources compared with their American counterparts
--- Do not perceive the borrowing ideas or words without appropriate citations as unethical or reprehensible
--- Lack of institutional policies and systematic training for correctly citing sources in academic writing in Japanese colleges
Norris (2007)
--- Only a small number of Japanese universities have established coherent policies on anti-plagiarism or academic integrity
--- Japanese teachers tend to tolerate plagiarism (## all Japanese universities have introduced privacy protection measures since the Personal Information Protection Law was enforced in 2005)

6. Basic Term of Protection
Japan: 50 years
Mexico: 100 years
Colombia: 80 years
Germany, France, Italy, UK, Argentine, Brazil, and USA: 70 years
India: 60 years
Iran: 30 years
Philippines ???

7. Copyright issues in Education
See

8. Copyrights/Ownership
Belong to a person who creates a idea (author)
To own copyrights of the author - Separate contract needed
Copying possible for home use, personal/small scale use
Educational institutions – fair use – one time, educational purposes, classroom use, a portion of book or digital materials (only for teachers)

9. Copyrights/Ownership
P2P file sharing (Music file sharing) – illegal
YouTube – some contain copyrighted work
Freeware / shareware (free of charge or charged) – generally ok, but sometimes involve copyright issues

10. Cases Students’ work – copyrights
Pre-existing teaching materials / others – can be used without authorization in school teaching contexts
Distributed learning environment (distance education; e-learning), materials can be shared if in non-profit educational contexts
Special lectures? – get permission from speaker
## Ideas, copyright protected? No unless expressed

11. Group Activity: Committee on Promoting Academic Integrity
The President-elect asks YOUR Committee….
To outline and review existing Philippine Copyright Laws;
To make suggestions for revision/elaboration

12. Plagiarism Prevention
Systematic Training
Institutional Policies
Explain What "Plagiarism" Means;
What's Wrong About Plagiarism
Make the Consequences Clear
Clear Expectations
How to cite properly