1. The Atoms Family
The Atoms Family was created by Kathleen Crawford, Presentation developed by Tracy Trimpe, 2006,

2. The Atoms Family Story
In the center of Matterville, there is a place called the Nucleus Arcade, where two members of the Atoms Family like to hang out. Perky Patty Proton, like her sisters, is quite large with a huge smile and eyes that sparkle (+). Patty is always happy and has a very positive personality. Nerdy Nelda Neutron is large like Patty, but she has a boring, flat mouth and eyes with zero expression (o). Her family is very apathetic and neutral about everything. Patty, Nelda, and their sisters spend all their time at the arcade.
Name:
Patty Proton
Description:
Positive
Favorite Activity:
Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade
Name:
Nelda Neutron
Description:
Neutral
Favorite Activity:
Hanging out at the Nucleus Arcade

3. Around the Nucleus Arcade, you will find a series of roadways that are used by another member of the Atoms Family, Enraged Elliott Electron. Elliott races madly around the Arcade on his bright red chrome-plated Harley-Davidson. He rides so fast that no one can be sure where he is at any time. Elliott is much smaller than Patty and Nelda and he is always angry because these bigger relatives will not let him in the Arcade. He has a frown on his face, eyes that are squinted with anger, and a very negative (-) attitude.
Name:
Elliott Electron
Description:
Negative
Favorite Activity:
Racing around the arcade

4. The first energy street can only hold only two Electron brothers
The first energy street can only hold only two Electron brothers. The second energy street, called the Energy Freeway, can hold 8 brothers. The third energy street, called the Energy Superhighway, can hold 18 of the brothers.
Matterville
Energy Superhighway Can hold 18 electrons
Energy Freeway Can hold 8 electrons
Nucleus Arcade Contains protons & neutrons
Energy Street Can hold 2 electrons

5. The morale of Matterville is stable as long as each negative Electron brother is balanced out by one positive Proton sister. The number of residents in Matterville depends on the Proton and Neutron families.
Challenge: What would happen to the morale of Matterville if one Elliott Electron was kidnapped?

6. Challenge 2: What would happen to the morale of Matterville if one Elliott Electron moved to Matterville?

7. ATOM COMPOSITION
The atom is mostly
empty space

8. Atoms are mostly empty space!
Nucleus the size of a pea

9. ATOMIC COMPOSITION Protons (p+) Electrons (e-) Neutrons (no) + charge
mass = 1 atomic mass units (amu)
Electrons (e-)
- negative charge
relative mass = amu but we can round to 0
Neutrons (no)
no charge--neutral
mass = 1 amu

10. Atomic Number = number of p+
All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons in the nucleus. 13
Atomic number Al
Atom symbol
26.981
AVERAGE Atomic Mass

11. Atomic Mass Atomic Mass = # protons + # neutrons
NOT on the periodic table…(it is the AVERAGE atomic mass on the table)
Example: Boron atom can have
Atomic mass= 5 p n = 10 amu
Atomic Mass
Atomic Number

12. Isotopes
Isotopes are atoms of the same element but different mass number.
Examples:
Carbon-12 Carbon-13 Carbon-14
Atomic mass = protons + neutrons
what changed
number of protons or neutrons?

13. Isotopes & Their Uses
Bone scans with radioactive technetium-99.

14. Isotopes & Their Uses
The tritium content of ground water is used to discover the source of the water, for example, in municipal water or the source of the steam from a volcano.

15. Atomic Symbols
Show the name of the element, a hyphen, and the mass number in hyphen notation
sodium-23
Show the mass number and atomic number in nuclear symbol form
mass number
23 Na
atomic number

16. Counting Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
Protons: Atomic Number (from periodic table)
Neutrons: Mass Number minus the number of protons (mass number is protons and neutrons because the mass of electrons is negligible)
Electrons:
If it’s an atom, the protons and electrons must be the SAME so that it is has a net charge of zero (equal numbers of + and -)
If it does NOT have an equal number of electrons—now its called an ION. For each negative charge, add an extra electron. For each positive charge, subtract an electron (Don’t add a proton!!! That changes the element!)