Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Unit 8 Absolute Monarchs
2
Absolutism Forceful single leader trying to control every aspect of society within their borders. Monarchs start to claim authority to rule without limits. Divine Right Only answer to God. No responsibility to subjects
3
Spain
4
Charles V Hapsburg Empire – German Family
Charles, a devout Catholic tried to force respect of papal authority. Charles V gives up the throne Too big for one to rule divided between brother and son Ferdinand I (brother) Philip II (son)
5
Philip II Ruled from 1556-1598 Defends Catholicism
Spain became the most powerful nation in Europe. Built new royal residence Escorial Palace Defends Catholicism Religious wars all over Europe Thought defending his religion part of his duty.
6
Philip II Wars Borrowed money from German and Italian bankers to finance New shiploads of silver sent abroad to pay debts Philip II declares Spain bankrupt three times during is reign What do you think happened to their status as “most powerful European nation”?
7
End of Spain
8
France
9
Wars of Religion - In France
On and off from 1562 – 1598 Huguenots - French Protestants Fight 8 religious wars with the Catholics
10
Henry of Navarre -> Henry IV
Becomes Henry IV as he inherits the throne. Issues Edict of Nantes – 1598 Gave Huguenots freedom of worship and right to build churches in certain areas, and enforced religious toleration.
11
Cardinal Richelieu Cardinal Richelieu – Chief Minister
Minister to Louis XIII who took more power away from the nobles and Huguenots. Wanted to take their power and give it to the king. Strengthened trade and industry.
12
Cardinal Richelieu Huguenots – believed to be dangerous
He wanted to prevent them from challenging power. Huguenots lived in fortified cities that were like states within a state. Why do you think people saw the Huguenots as a threat? A threat to what? Believed they threatened the unity and stability of France Richelieu gave intendants (monarchy’s representatives) authority in their own territory in France.
13
Thirty Years’ War 1618 Conflict over religion, territory and power
Started as a Protestant revolt in Prague against HRE France stayed out of it for the most part, while the rest of European countries became weak from fighting.
14
Peace of Westphalia 1648 – Peace treaty ends war.
Had important consequences Weakened Spain and Austria Strengthened France – gained some German land - Alsace Ended religious wars in Europe Recognized Europe as independent states All equal – Balance of Power
15
Louis XIV 1643 - Louis XIII dies
Louis XIV (son) - 5 years old – becomes King Mother, Anne of Austria and Cardinal Mazarin rule for him until he’s able Mazarin dies - Louis is 23 - rules on his own Ruled for 72 years Frances’s most powerful ruler ever Dominates Europe
16
Louis XIV - "The Sun King" Symbol was the sun
As the earth depends upon the sun for its existence, so did his subjects depend on him. Divine right to rule, absolute power, representative from God.
17
Louis XIV and the Nobility
Had hundreds of nobility living at Versailles Helped him dress Hoping for his approval Took them away from homes Decreased their local power, increased Intendants power.
18
Versailles Royal Palace More like a royal city Rich decorations
Showed wealth and power. Elaborate ceremonies Center of culture Opera became more popular than ballet Purpose to glorify the king and his values
19
Versailles Guess the square footage of Versailles??
721,206 Square Feet
20
Colbert Economics Jean Baptiste Colbert - Minister of Finance
Believed in Mercantilism Manufacture what you need, no imports. Make country self-sufficient Keep wealth within country. Result: Economy prospered, even lower classes
21
After Colbert’s Death 1685 – Louis XIV Canceled Edict of Nantes
Ended religious toleration for Huguenots Huguenots, to escape persecution, fled to England, Americas and the Dutch Netherlands.
22
War of the Spanish Succession
France had been weakened by poor harvests and constant warfare and increased taxes. People wanted peace, got another war European powers concerned about possible unification of France and Spain. France and Spain vs. Europe
23
Louis’s Death and Legacy
Louis realized his wars had ruined France Debt and abuses of power Set up some colonies in U.S., Asia & India Died in 1715 Royal authority starts to decline.
24
End France
25
Review 1 22 Points Who was known as the Sun King?
What was the name of the palace built for the king in France? Name 2 things that resulted from Jean-Baptiste Colbert’s system of mercantilism. Why did the French government see the Huguenots as a threat? Who were the 2 sides of the War of the Spanish Succession between? Who issued the Edict of Nantes? Who cancelled it? What was the group called who were the representatives in the provinces of France? Approximately how many square feet is Versailles? You need to be within 5,000 square feet to be correct.
Similar presentations
© 2024 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.