1. Energy Transfer and Transformation
Grade 4
Energy Transfer and Transformation
Heat Energy
Big Idea 11
SC.4.P.11.1 & SC.4.P.11.2
Pacing Guide – Quarter 2 Topic 10
Department of Mathematics and Science
Office of Academics and Transformation

2. Benchmark Descriptions
SC.4.P.11.1 – Recognize that heat flows from a hot object to a cold object and that heat flow may cause materials to change temperature.
SC.4.P.11.2 – Identify common materials that conduct heat well or poorly.

3. Energy is all around us!
You can hear energy as sound when someone talks.
You can see energy as light from the sun or a lamp.
You can feel it as heat warms things up.
Explain/Evaluation: Ask students what are some examples of energy in this room. Play the video by clicking on the link Energy is all around us! Tell students to look at the clip art in the slide and name an energy that is all around us. Ask students to give other examples of energy in their lives.
Click on the hyperlink: Energy Makes it Happen for an student interactive site.

4. What is the Transfer of Energy?
Energy can move from one object to another.
> >
chemical electrical light
What does the energy of a lit light bulb change into after the flashlight has been on for a while?
Heat Energy

5. Transfer of Energy A. A. B. B. C.
Evaluate: Have students number their journal and write how energy is changed from one form to another.
1) A. ( light)
B. (heat)
2) A. (electrical)
B. (sound)
C. (heat)
Extension: Explore Learning GIZMO: Energy Conversions

6. What are some transfers of energy taking place in our classroom, in our school or at home?
Explain/Evaluate: Last have students use the clip art on the slide and name various energy paths. Students can name paths in the classroom, in the school or at home, etc.
For example: A toaster uses electrical, mechanical, and thermal energy.

7. What is Thermal Energy? Thermal energy is the total of all the kinetic
and potential energy of the atoms in an object.
When any form of matter gets warmer, the
kinetic energy of its atoms increases.
The object’s particles move faster, so its thermal energy increases.
A change in thermal energy can lead to a change in phase or state of matter.
Temperature is a measure of thermal energy.
Engage: SF TE p Quick Activity as a teacher demonstration. Materials: balloon, empty plastic water bottle, bowl of ice, thermos of hot water Put the balloon on top of the bottle opening Place it in the container of warm water. Observe. The balloon will inflate. Why? 3. Then place the same bottle and balloon into the container of ice water. Observe. What happened? Repeat steps 2 and then 3 again. What happened? Why?
Explain: Students read p. 462 to find out what is thermal energy is and what it has to do with the balloon inflating and deflating.
Students take notes as you read/discuss pages 462 – 463 together. Students can also read ScienceSaurus pp. 288 – 291 for added information including sources of heat.
Elaborate: Grade 5 AIMS Physical Science p. 201 When Hot and Cold Meet demonstration lab.

8. Essential Content Heat (Thermal) Energy Energy of moving particles
Energy moves from a warmer are/object to a cooler area/object.
Flow of heat energy may cause objects to change temperature.
Thermometers are used to measure the temperature of how hot or cold something is.

9. Lets Explore!
“Hot Stuff” Heat Energy Stations Adapted from AIMS – Physical Science Grade 3

10. How Does Heat Move?
Thermal energy flows from warmer substances to cooler substances.
Heat can be transferred from one object to another.
Engage: SF TE p. 464 Have students imagine they have a cup of hot chocolate like the picture in the slide.
Ask. How is heat transferred? Use other TE notes for discussion. Students take notes on the key heat facts. Match up the slide pictures to the heat transfer way they represent.
If needed, discuss examples on the pages in ScienceSaurus on pp
Explore: See handout: What is heat? for a demonstration of heat moving to from a warmer water to colder water. (see handout.) Materials: warm and cold water, red and blue food coloring, 4 baby food jars, thin plastic mirror. Add blue food coloring to the cold water. Fill two baby food jars with cold water. Add red food coloring to the warm water. Fill two more baby food jars. Place jars where all can see. Put thin mirror over the warm water jar and carefully place this jar over the red warm water jar. Then pull out the mirror. Observe. The warm water stays on the top. Each jar maintains its color. Then place a thin mirror over the blue cold water and pick it up and place it on top of the warm red water in the jar. Observe. The warm water rises into the cold water. The water turns purple.
Is this conduction or convection? (convection)
Explain: Read and discuss SF pp to find out how heat moves.
Evaluate: Work book p. 143A Workbook p. 214 Using Science pictures
Extend: Students can create a three part matchbook foldable to name, define and illustrate with examples of the three ways heat moves.

11. Transformation of Heat Essential Content
Conductors Materials that conduct heat well Ex. Metals such as copper and aluminum
Insulators Materials that conduct heat poorly Ex. Rubber, wood glass, and air

12. Sources of HEAT Energy of Motion Chemical Reactions Electrical Energy
Stored Chemical Energy

13. (Click on links or copy and paste links to access websites)
Resources
(Click on links or copy and paste links to access websites)
Energy and the Environment:
AIMS – Physical Science Grade 3