1. Unit 2 We Once They Stood We Stand
Chapter 2

2. The People Who Lived Here Key Words
Lifestyle – The way people live their lives.
Emigrate- to leave ones country of origin to go to another country.
Immigrant – To enter into a country from another country
Internal migration- moving from one place to another within a country.
Natural increase – when the birth rate is greater than the death rate.
Pull Factor- things that attract people to a country.
Push Factor – things that force people to leave their own country.

3. Native people The Five native groups are:
Beothuk – First Aboriginal group of the Island of Newfoundland.
Mi’kmaq - Native group who claim to be from Newfoundland but no evidence has been found to support the claim
Innu – Eastern Branch of the Algonquin people in Labrador and Quebec.
Inuit – Found in Labrador and Northern Canada
Labrador Metis – Natives of mixed race

4. Native Words Mamateek - Native housing used by the beothuk.
Ktaqmkuk – Newfoundland ( Land across the water)
Miawpukek – Mi’kmaq first nation community found at Conne River.
Natuashish, Sheshatshiu – Native communities of Labrador.
Nitassinan – means “our land”
Innu-Aimun – Native language of the Innu
Mushuau – Northern Innu

5. Native Words Inukitut – Native language of the Innuit
Umiak – Large dog sled
Qamartalik – Innuit sod houses
Tupiq – Innuit Skin tent
Kablunangajuit - Metis word meaning “almost white man”

6. Immigrants
The majority of Immigrants in Newfoundland came from English, Irish, Scottish and French descent.
A majority of the population, like today, lived on the Avalon Peninsula.
Push Factors include unemployment, religious discrimination, and racial factors.
Pull factors include employment, religious freedom and equal opportunities.
See pages for group, location and occupation.

7. Michael Flemming Irish immigrant
Was the motivating force behind the construction of the Basilica in St. John’s.
He was appointed Catholic Bishop of St. John’s in 1830.
He died shortly after the construction was completed.
He is buried in the cathedral’s crypt

8. Other immigrants
A minority of immigrants came from places like, Lebanon, Eastern Europe, and China
Chinese people had to pay a $ entry fee and Chinese women were not allowed into the country.

9. Newfoundlanders and Labradorians
By % of the people living in Newfoundland and Labrador were born here. Thus, they considered themselves Newfoundlanders and Labradorians instead of from their country of origin.
People moved around the country to follow their seasonal hunting patterns and to follow employment. (Internal Migration).