1. Europe Explodes into War
Tensions in Europe
These alliances posed a danger since both the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente agreed to support one another in their respective alliances in case of attack.

2. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans in Crisis
For years problems in the Balkans caused 2 wars
Albania, Greece, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia battled over territory.

3. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans in Crisis
28 June 1914 the Archduke Franz Ferdinand visited Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia

4. Europe Explodes into War
Quiz 23-1A
Balkans in Crisis
The Archduke road through the city in an open car and along the route were several Serbian Nationalists.

5. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans in Crisis
Some were members of a terrorist group called The Black Hand who wanted Bosnia to break away from Austria- Hungary. They attempted to through a bomb in the archduke’s car, but Ferdinand through it out

6. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans In Crisis
The archduke’s driver stopped to get his directions correct and Gavrilo Pricip, 19 stepped up to the car and shot the Archduke and his wife fatally.
Gavrilo Pricip, 19 a member of the Black Hand and Young Serbians

7. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans In Crisis
Austria- Hungary threatened to go to war with Serbia
Russia moved in to support Serbia
Diplomats unsuccessfully tried to defuse the situation.
Szoegyeny-Marich, Ladislaus von, Austrian-Hungarian diplomat, ambassador in Berlin

8. Europe Explodes into War
Demands from Austria- Hungary
Made on Serbia
the suppression of all publications critical of Austria-Hungary
the withdrawal of schoolbooks filled with propaganda against the Empire.
Army officers, school teachers and government officials holding these views would have to be dismissed.
Specific individuals would be targeted for arrest.
Austrian official would be appointed to monitor the fulfillment of these demands.
The Serbs accepted all except the final point

9. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans In Crisis
On 28 July 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.

10. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans In Crisis
29 July 1914 Russia mobilized its forces
Mobilization- Preparation for war

11. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans In Crisis
With the mobilization of Russia, on 1 August 1914 Germany declares war on Russia and moves through neutral Belgium and into France

12. Europe Explodes into War
Balkans In Crisis
4 August 1914 Britain declares war on Germany to help France
What began as a local problem blew up into a full scale war.

13. The “Great War” Begins
In 1914 most Europeans thought the war would end quickly.
In 1914 it was called “The Great War”, “The Imperialist War”, or the “Trench War”

14. The “Great War” Begins
The war pitted the he Central Powers against the Allied Powers
Central Powers- Germany, Austria- Hungary and the Ottoman Empire
Allied Powers- France, Britain & Russia including Italy and 21 other countries joined the Allies
23-1B Quiz

15. The “Great War” Begins German Advance
Germans blew through Belgium crushing the Belgian army and into France by September 1914.

16. The “Great War” Begins German Advance
At the Marne River the French and British troops slowed the German advance.
The Battle of the Marne ended the Germans hopes of a quick victory

17. The “Great War” Begins Trench Warfare
By November 1914 both sides had dug in with no advancement producing a stalemate
Stalemate- situation in which neither side is strong enough to defeat the other.

18. The “Great War” Begins Trench Warfare
Soldiers would spend weeks at a time in muddy, rat infested trenches. They slept in mud, washed in mud, ate in mud, lived in mud.

19. The “Great War” Begins Trench Warfare
While in the trenches soldiers spent day after shelling the enemy.
Trench Warfare- type of fighting during WWI in which trenches were dug for protection and were surrounded by mine fields and barbed or Concertina wire