1. Two Nations Live on Edge

2. Pres. Eisenhower… Soviet Union explodes atom bomb – 1949
U.S. develops the H-bomb… Soviets follow after!
Pres. Eisenhower:
Use all force to prevent the spread of communism
How is this different than containment?

3. Brinkmanship!!
The willingness of the U.S. to go to the edge of an all-out war
Under this policy, the U.S.:
Trimmed the army & navy
Expanded the air force (drop bombs)
Build-up of nuclear weapons
Soviet Union did the same
Fear of nuclear war was a constant fear for the next 30 years

4. CIA & the Middle East Central Intelligence Agency Used in Iran
Recently formed
Heavy dependence
Carried out covert operations abroad
Weaken or overthrow enemy governments
Used in Iran
nationalized oil fields
Reinstated the pro-American Shah

5. Geneva Summit July 1955 – Eisenhower meets with Soviet leaders
“Open-skies” proposal
Allow flights over each other’s nation to guard against a surprise nuclear attack
Soviets reject idea

6. The Suez War
Suez War – 1955
US & GB help Egypt finance a dam on the Nile River
Abdel-Nasser pits the US and Soviets against one another
Get more $$$
U.S. gets mad & cancels loan
Angers Egypt
Nationalizes Suez Canal
Stops ships bound for Israel
War breaks out
FR, GB, & Israel send troops
UN steps in  Egypt keeps control

7. Hungarian Uprising 1956 – Revolt against Soviet control Imre Nagy
Wanted a democratic gov’t
Imre Nagy
Liberal Comm. leader
Promised free-elections
Denounced Warsaw Pact
Demanded Soviet troops to leave
Soviet Response
Swift & brutal
Brought tanks & killed 30,000 Hungarians
Overthrew gov’t
No help…
US – Containment???
UN – took no action

8. Cold War Takes to the Skies….
Nikita Kruschev
Stalin dies…
Believed Communism would take over the world peacefully (?)
Space Race
Oct 1957 – launched Sputnik
Traveled around the earth at 18,000 miles
Circled globe every 96 mins
Before U.S. in Jan of 1958!!!
U-2 Spy Plane!!!
CIA makes secret trips over USSR
Troop movement & missile sites
Francis Gary Powers… CAUGHT!!!