1. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

2. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

3. -President Bill Clinton
“It appears that some school officials, teachers and parents have assumed that religious expression of any type is either inappropriate or forbidden altogether in public schools; however, nothing in the First Amendment converts our public schools into religion-free zones”
-President Bill Clinton

4. LEMON V. KURTZMAN (1971): The “Lemon Test”
If the situation meets the following 3 criteria, then the government action is Constitutional:
The government’s action must have a secular legislative purpose
The government’s action must not have the primary effect of either advancing or inhibiting religion
The government’s action must not result in an “excessive government entanglement” with religion

5. REFLECTION

6. Do you agree with the judges’ decision? Why or why not?
REFLECTION
Do you agree with the judges’ decision? Why or why not?
Would you want to take a comparative religions course? Why or why not?
Can something that’s unconstitutional still be considered beneficial?
Why do we need to follow the Constitution, even if we sometimes don’t agree with it?