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Factors Affecting Fertility
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I. Economic Factors The level of economic development – higher dev=lower BR
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I. Economic Factors B. 2 types of society
1. Agrarian Society-kids considered an asset, help work
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I. Economic Factors Developed world-kids are expensive
small families = increased standard of living in hard times people have less kids to maintain standard of living c. high cost of raising/educating kids is incentive to have small families
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II. Social Factors A. The machismo factor – in Lat Am the head of the household shows his manhood by the number of kids he has
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II. Social Factors Traditional roles of Women-women
valued by # of kids they have
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II. Social Factors C. adult sons care for elderly – sons are highly valued
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II. Social Factors D. religion 1. Catholics – oppose birth control
2. Buddhism – birth control ok 3. Hinduism – birth control ok but son highly valued 4. Islam – oppose birth control
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II. Social Factors E. literacy rates 1. high lit/ed= low birth rate
2. low lit/ed = high birth rate
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II. Social Factors F. changing attitudes towards women’s societal roles 1. acceptability of birth control 2. lower family sizes becoming acceptable
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II. Social Factors G. infant mortality rate
1. areas w/ high rates have larger families 2. areas w/ low rates have small families
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II. Social Factors F. age structure – if the average age of a population is low, the birth rate will be high
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III. Political Factors A. Pro Natal Policy Examples – policies that encourage having kids
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III. Political Factors 1. France improved day care
employees given time off to spend w/ kids
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III. Political Factors 2. Africa – belief that population = political power and economic growth comes from population
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III. Political Factors B. Anti Natal Policy Examples – policies for not having kids
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III. Political Factors 1. China – one child policy
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