1. INSPIRE
29/11/2018
INSPIRE
Hans Dufourmont Meeting of the Working Party: “GIS for Statistics”
Eurostat E-4 Structural Funds 3 March 2005
ESTAT - E4 Fonds Structurels - Structural Funds

2. Presentation outline Timeline Why setting up INSPIRE ?
What are the objectives ?
State of the legislative process ?
Stakeholder participation ?
INSPIRE and NMAs & NSIs ?

3. INSPIRE
Timeline

4. INSPIRE
History
29/11/2018
April 2002: MoU signed by Commissioners Busquin, Solbes and Wallström
June 2002: Position papers by Working Groups and user requirements
September 2003: Draft INSPIRE framework legislation
July 2004: adoption by the Commission of a proposal for a Directive of the EP and the EC establishing an infrastructure for spatial information in the Community (INSPIRE)
December 2004: Work Programme Preparatory Phase ( ) presented to the INSPIRE expert group
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5. INSPIRE timeline 2005-06: co-decision ongoing
: Work Programme activities Preparatory Phase
2007: expected entry into force of the Framework legislation
: Transposition Phase
: Implementation Phase

6. From Commission proposal to Directive implementation
Preparatory phase ( )
Co-decision procedure
Preparation of Implementing Rules
Transposition phase ( )
Directive enters into force
Transposition into national legislation
INSPIRE Committee starts activities
Adoption of first set of implementation rules
Implementation phase ( )
implementation and monitoring of measures
Adoption of second set of Implementing Rules

7. The INSPIRE driving forces
29/11/2018
The INSPIRE driving forces
DG ENV
COGI
Main Commission DG’s (AGRI, TREN, REGIO, FISH, INFSO, …)
INSPIRE Expert Group
Member States Environmental and geographic information ministries, Accession countries, Regions, EFTA Countries, Umbrella organisations, ETC/TE, ESPON, UNEP
European Spatial Planning Observatory Network (ESPON) is one of the twelve measures for implementing the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP). The aim of the Observatory is to provide the necessary database to encourage the harmonious development of the entire Community, as laid down in Article 158 of the EC Treaty, and to clarify the concept of territorial cohesion referred to in Article 16 of the Treaty. ESPON activities rely on networking between the Member States (research institutes, public authorities).
The European Topic Centre on Terrestrial Environment (ETC-TE) is one of five Topic Centres designated by the European Environment Agency (EEA) for the period to assist in its work of collecting, analysing, evaluating and summarising information relevant to national and international policies for the environment and sustainable development. The ETC-TE is currently co-founded by the Environment Department of Catalonian Government and the Spanish Ministry of Environment. The ETC-TE will concentrate on providing relevant information on past trends, current status and prospective developments relating to land and soil in Europe, in order to support legislative frameworks on sustainable land use, soil protection and integrated coastal zone management. These are priority issues, included in the 6th Environmental Action Programme and the Sustainable Development Strategy. They will be developed further through specific thematic strategies (on soil, land use and urban environment).
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8. INSPIRE
Why setting up INSPIRE ?

9. European data ?
we have islands of data of different standards and quality...

10. Known problems

11. European data ? Well,… Lack of use of standards Lack of co-ordination
incompatible information
incompatible information systems
fragmentation of information
redundancy
Lack of co-ordination
across boarders
between levels of government
Lack of data
Lack of infrastructure
Data policy restrictions
pricing, copyright, access rights, licensing policy

12. The global context
CGDI GeoConnections
One Stop Geo-Portal

13. Conclusion of the impact analysis
Investment costs range somewhere between M€ per year for 10 years
Annual net benefits range somewhere between M€ per year 
Benefits still outweigh the investment requirements by a considerable amount

14. What are the objectives ?
INSPIRE
What are the objectives ?

15. INSPIRE principles
Data should be collected once and maintained at the level where this can be done most effectively
It should be possible to combine seamless spatial information from different sources across Europe and share it between many users and application
It should be possible for information collected at one level to be shared between all the different levels, detailed for detailed investigations, general for strategic purposes
It should be easy to discover which geographic information is available, fits the needs for a particular use and under which conditions it can be acquired and used
Geographic data should become easy to understand and interpret because it can be visualised within the appropriate context selected in a user-friendly way

16. ESDI Concept GI technical standards GI Institutional framework
Basis GI data sets
Spatial Information Services

17. Taking into account… user needs driven approach multi-functionality
already existing SDI-components
subsidiarity and specific situation in each of the Member States

18. I - General provisions
Establish an infrastructure for spatial information in the EU to support:
environmental policies and
policies that directly or indirectly affect the environment,
Based on infrastructures of the Member States that include
metadata, spatial data sets and services; network services; agreements on sharing, access and use; and co-ordination and monitoring mechanisms, processes and procedures.

19. I - General provisions What is covered ? spatial data
related to EU territory,
in electronic format,
public sector data,
covers themes in annex I, II and III.
provisions for third party data - but always subject to third party consent
”spatial data services” for those spatial data

20. Data themes 1/2 Annex I data Annex II data
Co-ordinate reference system
Geographical grid system
Geographical names
Administrative units
Transport networks
Hydrography
Protected sites
Annex II data
Elevation
Identifiers of properties
Cadastral parcels
Land cover
Ortho-imagery

21. Data themes 2/2 Annex III data Statistical units
Buildings
Soil
Geology
Land use
Human health and safety
Government service and environmental monitoring facilities
Production and industrial facilities
Agricultural and aquaculture facilities
Population distribution - demography
Area management/ restriction/regulation zones & reporting units
Natural risk zones
Atmospheric conditions
Meteorological geographical features
Oceanographic geographical features
Sea regions
Bio-geographical regions
Habitats & biotopes
Distribution of species

22. II - Metadata
Establishment of catalogues for spatial data and for services
Progressive implementation until 6 years after entry into force of Directive
Metadata is the “fuel” of the search engine to the spatial information

23. Data Discovery : Metadata & Metadata Service
Using keywords: categories, provider’s types, scales, geographical coordinates, place names, …

24. III - Interoperability
Harmonised spatial data specifications
the key to solving problems with data inconsistency
adopted through Comitology
more stringent for Annex I and II than for Annex III
earlier for Annex I than for Annex II and III
Arrangements for the exchange of spatial data

25. III - Interoperability
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
III - Interoperability
Harmonised spatial data specifications
Common system of unique identifiers for spatial objects
Relationship between spatial objects
Key attributes and multilingual thesauri
How to exchange the temporal dimension of data
Updates exchange
Consistency between items referring to the same location
Consistency between information referring to the same object at different scales
Implementing rules by 2 years after entry into force for Annex I
Implementing rules by 5 years after entry into force for Annex II, III
2 years after adoption of the implementing rules: new or updated spatial data must be compliant
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26. Levels of spatial data harmonisation
Geometric consistency
High level semantic and logical consistency
Levels of spatial data harmonisation
Topological consistency
Semantic consistency
Logical consistency

27. IV - Network services Upload services
allow to make metadata & spatial data accessible
available to the public authorities
available to interested third parties, provided that certain conditions are met;
discovery services (free of charge);
view services (free of charge);
download services;
transformation services;
services to invoke “spatial data services”

28. IV - Network services Network services are the window to INSPIRE
Community Geo-portal, in addition to national access points
Various derogations
confidentiality if provided by law
public security and national defence,
course of justice, confidentiality,
protection of the environment
etc…
Services can run on top of existing systems: no need to replace them!

29. EU Geo-portal development
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
EU Geo-portal development
Development of the EU Geo-portal
The EU Geo-portal is not designed to store or maintain the data.
The EU Geo-portal will provide on-line access to INSPIRE services provided by MS
An important value of the prototype EU Geo-portal is to demonstrate what can already be achieved by making (public sector) spatial information more visible and accessible.
The development will be done in close collaboration with National Portal developments and with some selected European Thematic Portals such as the portal of the EEA.
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30. Interoperable spatial data services
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Interoperable spatial data services
The architecture, core services and ontologies enable the migration of legacy systems into networked services
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31. V - Data sharing and re-use
For public authorities:
barrier-free sharing of spatial data sets and services…
for public tasks that may have a direct or indirect impact on the environment.
access of institutions and bodies of the Community
For third parties:
Implementing Rules to reduce barriers for re-use to be adopted by Comitology

32. Data policy issues INSPIRE 29/11/2018
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33. VI - Co-ordination and complementary measures
Co-ordination at Member State level: to be organised by the MS, should include users, producers, added-value service providers and co-ordinating bodies
Co-ordination at EU level: by Commission with support of EEA
Implementation of many measures supported by Implementing Rules adopted by Comitology

34. State of the Legislative process
INSPIRE
State of the Legislative process

35. Co-decision with the EP art. 251, EC Treaty
Commission
Council
European Parliament
opinion
No amendments or
accepts amendments
rejects EPs
amendments
Common Position
Act adopted by
qualified majority
EP’s second reading
approval
or no action
rejection by
absolute majority
proposal lost
amendment by
absolute majority
Act adopted
rejects
amendments
accepts
amendments
Commission
adopts act by
qualified majority
Council
adopts act only
by unanimity
rejects ANY EP’s amendments
agreement
EP and Council
adopt joint text
no agreement
Conciliation
Committee
proposal lost

36. Critical Issues: Comitology
Implementing Rules left for the INSPIRE Committee
Highly technical matters
Rapidly evolving scene
Solution: to describe more precisely the “action radius” of the INSPIRE Committee
Positive Comitology experiences in SPC ?

37. Critical Issues: Data Sharing
The measures … shall preclude, at the point of use, any restrictions, in particular of a transactional, procedural, legal, institutional or financial nature
A fear that sources of income would vanish
free data is but one possibility amongst several data models, (e.g. Irish agreement on sharing spatial data for environmental topics; GIS-Vlaanderen data policy; Estonian data policy…)

38. Critical issues: Data Sharing
Intellectual Property Rights:
INSPIRE consistent with EU legislation
INSPIRE only requires free access to:
discovery services (metadata)
viewing spatial data
But: IPR within public authorities cannot be used to refuse access to spatial data to other public authorities for the performance of public tasks

39. Critical issues: Relations with other Directives
PSI addresses the re-use of public sector information
Aarhus addresses the public access to environmental information
INSPIRE addresses the shared use of spatial data between public authorities for the performance of public tasks

40. Critical issues: Annexes
No new spatial data will be collected through INSPIRE !!!
Requests to move upfront some of the Annex III thematic data

41. Stakeholder participation
INSPIRE
Stakeholder participation

42. 2005 2007 Association phase Drafting phase Review phase
INSPIRE
Commission Services co-ordinate
Spatial Data Interest Communities participate
Projects
cont-ribute
Drafting Teams
Consolidation Team
Proto-types
test
Pilots validate
CEN, ISO, OGC contribute
LMOs review impact
INSPIRE Expert Group advises
INSPIRE Committee votes EC
adopts
Public
reviews MS
apply
Implementing Rules
Draft Implementing Rules
Formal Internet Consultation
Internal Review
Call for Interest
Existing Reference Material
Experts are proposed
2005
2007
Association phase
Drafting phase
Review phase
29/11/2018
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43. INSPIRE
29/11/2018
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44. Stepwise approach Spatial Data Exchange Spatial Data Services
Spatial Data Harmonisation
2005
2010

45. Action Plan Objectives
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Action Plan Objectives
Metadata
To draft a Implementing Rule on the content and structure of metadata for spatial data
Scope
Rules for creation, maintenance and updating
Multilingualism
Certification, Quality, Accuracy
Thesauri as common vocabulary for metadata content
Standards to be followed for publishing
Process
more detailed definitions on content of metadata based on INSPIRE requirements
INSPIRE core metadata element set must be developed.
initial draft core metadata element set based on the ISO standard.
The EUROSTAT INSPIRE Pilot Project used to test and document the proposed metadata element set
if a set of profiles for different domains is needed, then establish the rules for extending the INSPIRE core metadata elements in compliance with the ISO standard.
It is highly recommended that these rules be ready by September 2005.
other related existing and emerging standards from ISO (including Dublin Core), OGC, CEN (including TC287 Geographic Information) will have an important input to the process.
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46. Action Plan Objectives
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Action Plan Objectives
Data specs & harmonisation
To draft a Implementing Rule for harmonised data specifications
To draft a Implementing Rule on the arrangements for the exchange of spatial data
Scope
Definition of the conceptual model including
Geometrical and topological and temporal representations
Spatial and temporal relations
Semantics
Unique identifiers
Reference to a common reference systems including spatial and temporal reference systems as well as multilingual thesauri
Guidelines on the use of the conceptual model and its related methodology to develop spatial data specifications
Generalisation rules
Encoding (to support exchange of spatial data)
Process
common understanding and definition about the level of harmonisation needed (e.g. scale, spatial and temporal relations, object classifications, etc.)
The conceptual model development will take in consideration existing models (e.g. national, WFD…)
“Overview of existing National Conceptual Models and Methodologies used by Member States to develop specifications” Workshop
Based on the first draft of the Conceptual Model its usability as a basis for INSPIRE data topics will be tested by different pilot projects (e.g. RISE, MOTIIVE…)
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47. Action Plan Objectives
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Action Plan Objectives
Network services & interoperability
To draft a Implementing Rule for network services and to develop the prototype of the EU Geo-portal
functional requirements:
Scope
This activity will define the functional and non functional requirements of the INSPIRE Network Services
network services must be accessible through a EU geo-portal, therefore the geo-portal software architecture shall enforce the inter-operability with the Member States network. In particular the following issues will be addressed:
General architectural model
Security (access to the service and data transfer) when applicable
Multilingualism as requested by INSPIRE.
Metadata for services
Compliancy with services metadata and impact
Technical architectures and protocols
End-users' needs.
Process
establish a common understanding and definition of functionality of the network services.
Drafting Team composed by IT experts with experiences in SDI development.
The Drafting Team will have also the responsibility to link with the activities on metadata and on data specifications.
Inputs will be derived from EU projects and other relevant initiatives addressing architectural issues relevant to INSPIRE.
e.g. ORCHESTRA, WIN, the ESA Oxygen initiative, ..
Existing and emerging open IT and geospatial standards will have an important input to the process
from W3C, WS-I, OMG, OGC, ISO, OASIS, CEN.
The JRC will develop a first prototype for the EU Geo-portal that will be used to test the services specifications.
In addition the development of the services specifications and the geo-portal prototype will be accompanied by pilot implementations proving the applicability of the specifications
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48. Action Plan Objectives
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Action Plan Objectives
Data & Service sharing
To draft a Implementing Rule on access and rights of use for Community institutions and bodies (2007)
To draft a Implementing Rule on third party access to upload services (2007)
To draft a Implementing Rule on potential re-use of spatial data sets & services by third parties (2009)
Scope
Requirements for access and use in relation to public tasks
Current types of rights (ownership, use, copyright…)
Current types of access (retaining, sharing, trading…)
Current types of use (discover, view, download…)
Process
assessment of current situation
documentation of best practices examples
build on DPLI position paper
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49. Action Plan Objectives
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Action Plan Objectives
Monitoring & reporting
mechanisms, methodology, indicators for:
continuous monitoring
three yearly report to the Commission
Scope
objective and measurable indicators
derivable from applications
minimalise overhead
validation
Process
point of departure: State of Play
analysis of existing monitoring & reporting mechanisms
selection of indicators in terms of distance to target
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50. Action Plan Objectives
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Action Plan Objectives
Organisational structures & co-ordination
To define the organisational structure (from Transposition Phase onwards)
To define roles and responsibilities
Scope
strategic (policy) developments at Commission level,
co-ordination tasks at Community level, at national level and at thematic community level,
operational support,
technical development and technological evolution including progressive standardisation,
link with relevant international initiatives (e.g. GMES, GALILEO, GEO),
experiences gained during the Preparatory Phase
Process
build on considerations from Expert Group and dedicated working group
build on experience from Preparatory Phase
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51. Action Plan Objectives
INSPIRE
29/11/2018
Action Plan Objectives
Integration & horizontal measures
ensure co-ordinated progress across activities
support to Drafting Teams
feedback on preparatory activities
awareness raising
migration issues towards INSPIRE compliance
Scope
Co-ordination tasks at Community level
Ensure cross analysis
Operational support
Link with international initiatives
Broadening involvement & feedback
process
part of Commission tasks on co-ordination
consultation with the Expert Group
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52. Pilots and prototypes Development of the EU geo-portal
Development by JRC
Based on standards (ISO, CEN, OGC, W3C)
WFD as pilot for implementation
Need for adoption of a common GIS dataset
Harmonisation of encoding
Eurostat INSPIRE pilot
Feasibility of interoperable solutions
Cross border case
EEA SDI prototyping
EIONET as example of SDIC

53. INSPIRE
and NMAs & NSIs ?

54. Data Themes 1/2 M S Annex I Annex II X Co-ordinate reference system
Elevation
Geographical grid system
(X)
Identifiers of properties
Geographical names
Cadastral parcels
Administrative units
Land Cover
Transport Networks
Ortho-imagery
Hydrography
Protected Sites

55. Data Themes 2/2 M S Annex III X Statistical units
Area management, restrict.
Buildings
Natural risk zones
Soil
Atmospheric conditions
Geology
Meteorological features
Land use
Oceanographic features
Human health & safety
Sea regions
Government service & env.
Bio-geographical regions
Production & Industrial fac.
Habitats & biotopes
Agricultural & Aquacultural
Species distribution
Population distribution & demography

56. Grids and statistics
as a framework for collection of « alternative » data,
to aggregate « confidential / privacy » data,
for analysis of raster-based statistical indicators,
to convert different data structure to a common denominator, ...

57. Grid definition
Hierarchical grid (1, 10, 100… m + quadtree subdivision
Metric based on coordinate system
Unified coding system

58. Spatial analysis: Disaggregation of Population Density
Distribution of Population using CORINE Land Cover data
Average population density by commune
Population density attributed after disaggregation
CORINE Land Cover

59. Spatial Distributions on the fly

60.
Call for expression of interest for Spatial Data Interest Communities soon available !!!

61. INSPIRE
Questions are welcome !

62. Annex: Work Programme Deliverables
INSPIRE
Annex: Work Programme Deliverables

63. Metadata
D 1.1
Detailed INSPIRE definitions on content and structure of metadata for spatial data
4/2005
D 1.2
Survey of existing initiatives and solutions for content and structure of metadata for spatial data
5/2005
D 1.3
Draft Implementing Rules for metadata for spatial data (including the draft core metadata element set) for reviewing
6/2005
D 1.4
Draft rules for extending the INSPIRE core profile
9/2005
D 1.5
Final draft Implementing Rules for metadata for spatial data (includes core metadata element set and extension rules).
12/2006

64. Data specs & harmonisation
Detailed high Level INSPIRE definition on harmonised data specifications and arrangements for the exchange of spatial data
4/2005
D 2.2
Survey of existing initiatives at European, national and sub-national levels, covering Conceptual Models and Methodologies used to develop specifications for Annex Data
7/2005
D 2.3
Definition of Annex I/II/III Themes and scope
D 2.4
Comparative review of existing National and European Conceptual Models and Methodologies to develop specifications for Annex data
9/2005
D 2.5
First draft version of the Conceptual Model (generic aspects)
12/2005
D 2.6
First draft Methodologies to develop specifications for Annex Data
3/2006
D 2.7
First draft of Implementing Rules on the arrangements for the exchange of spatial data
6/2006
D 2.8
First version of the Conceptual Model(s) (generic aspects) and Methodologies to develop specifications for Annex data
D 2.9
Reports on the impact assessment of the conceptual model as a basis for Annex I data specifications
12/2006

65. Network services & interoperability
INSPIRE
Network services & interoperability
29/11/2018
D 3.1
Detailed definitions on the INSPIRE Network Services and the EU Geo-portal
4/2005
D 3.2
Survey on existing initiatives and solutions
6/2005
D 3.3
First drafts of interface specifications for Network Services and the technical specification of the EU Geo-portal
12/2005
D 3.4
Test report and impact analysis using the EU-geoportal
6/2006
D 3.5
INSPIRE Network Services draft Implementing Rules
12/2006
D 3.6
1st Prototype of the EU Geo-portal using the prototypical INSPIRE network services
functional requirements:
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66. Data & Service sharing Deliver. Title Milestone D 4.1
Report on status and requirements for access and rights of use to spatial data sets and services for Community institutions and bodies – including bodies established by international agreement to which the Community or Member States are party.
03/2006
D 4.2
Draft data-sharing Implementing Rules governing access and rights of use to spatial data sets and services for Community institutions and bodies
12/2006
D 4.3
Report on status and requirements of third parties on access to upload services.
D 4.4
Draft Implementing Rules on third party access to upload services
D 4.5
Report on the status and on the requirements of third parties for re-use of spatial data sets and services.
12/2007
D 4.6
Report with overview of current best practices and models for data policies

67. Monitoring & reporting
Deliver.
Title
Milestone
D 5.1
Monitoring indicators
6/2005
D 5.2
Draft Implementing Rules for Monitoring
12/2006
D 5.3
Draft Implementing Rules for Reporting
12/2007

68. Organisational structures & co-ordination
Deliver.
Title
Milestone
D 6.1
1st Proposal for Organisational structures, roles and responsibilities
12/2005
D 6.2
Final Organisational structures, roles and responsibilities (including formal link with international initiatives)
12/2006

69. Integration & horizontal measures
Deliver.
Title
Milestone
D 7.1
Cross-check interdependencies
continuously
D 7.2
FAQ on INSPIRE for policy makers
09/2005
D 7.3
Guidelines on migration issues
12/2006
D 7.4
Guidelines for INSPIRE compliance