2. A cell needs nutrients to grow and live.
Food supplies the body with nutrients, which are nutritional substances the body needs.

3. FOOD:
Food is any substance (solid and liquid) that is ingested (“eaten”) and helps sustain life.
Food is usually grouped in the following categories:
Meats and Alternatives
Dairy Products
Fruits and Vegetables
Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta
Fats, Oils and Sweets

4. Nutrients found in food essential dietary factors
Perform several different functions within the body such as:
growth and repair of tissues
energy
used directly by cell
There are two types of nutrients:
Macronutrients
Micronutrients

5. Macronutrients Main Categories Carbohydrates Proteins Fat
All together, provide most of the energy needed to live
Needed in larger quantities
Main Categories
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fat

6. Micronutrients Vitamins Minerals
Needed by the body, but in smaller amounts
Two main categories:
Vitamins
Minerals

7. Carbohydrates Provide energy for the body (1st source of energy)
Nutrients that are broken down into sugars.
Simple Sugars
Have 1-2 sugar molecules connected together (faster to digest)
soda, candy, sweets, fruit, honey
Complex Carbohydrates
Have 3+ sugar molecules (longer to digest)
Grain products (breads, pastas), vegetables, legumes

8. Dietary Fiber  Cellulose
A type of carbohydrate
Most fiber we cannot digest.
Regulates metabolism
good for the digestive tract
Keeps us regular
PREVENTS constipation
Found in: fruits, vegetables, whole grain cereals

9. Proteins Proteins are chains of Amino Acids
Used in growth and repair of tissues
Third source of energy

10. meat, poultry, fish, dairy meat substitutes (eggs, tofu)
Found in:
meat, poultry, fish, dairy
meat substitutes (eggs, tofu)
beans, nuts, legumes, grains ( not complete, these need to be combined to get a complete source of protein)

11. Fats (Lipids) Second source of energy (stores energy)
Longer to digest (Takes more time to turn into energy)
Used to make hormones and cell walls

12. Saturated Fats: Unsaturated Fats Found in:
oils, butter, margarine, cream, nuts, cheese, meats, and chips
Saturated Fats:
Solid at room temperature
Animal sources
Leads to increased cholesterol levels in blood
Unsaturated Fats
Liquid at room temperature
Vegetable sources
Linked to lowering cholesterol

13. Low Fat?

14. Ways to Reduce your Fat Consumption
Low fat cooking methods
Minimize processed foods
Avoid inner aisles of grocery stores
Use better cuts of meats (lean)
Use low fat alternatives
Decrease use of condiments (mayonnaise)
Follow these steps to reduce fat content in the diet.

15. Burning Calories

16. Vitamins Nutrients that are essential to all bodily functions
Regulate metabolism (chemical reactions that take place in the body, needed to live)
Fat Soluble Vitamins: dissolved by and stored in fat
- e.g. Vit A, K
Water Soluble Vitamins: dissolved in water, extra will be excreted in urine
- e.g. Vit B, C

17. Example Vitamin C: If someone does not eat enough vitamin C they can get Scurvy Scurvy: Muscle weakness, bleeding gums, loss of teeth

18. Minerals
Inorganic elements found in food that are essential to life processes
Regulates metabolism
Play a role in various tissues, cartilage, teeth, bones hormones, enzymes and nerves.
Only needed in small quantities

19. Mineral Sources Calcium from milk Iron from red meat
Iodine added to salt
Potassium, Sodium, Phosphorus

20. Water approximately 60% of body-weight Regulates metabolism
Major part of blood plasma
Lubricates joints
Shock absorber in eyes, spinal cord, and amniotic sac (during pregnancy)
Dissolves materials in the body
Needed for certain chemical reactions in the body
Helps maintain body temperature
DOES NOT GIVE ENERGY!!!
Drink 6-8 glasses a day

21. Nutrients and their simple nutrients
Carbohydrate Glucose
Proteins  Amino Acids
Fats (lipids)  Fatty acids or Glycerol

22. Review

23. Dietary Fibre (cellulose)
Summary
Nutrient
Functions
Sources (Examples)
Carbohydrates
Provides main source of energy (First source of energy or short term energy)
Legumes, grains, pasta, rice, bread (starches)
Fruits, veggies, honey, juice, candy (sugars)
Dietary Fibre (cellulose)
Regulates Metabolism
Fruits, vegetables, and whole grain cereals
Fats
Second source of energy
(long term and gets stored)
Butter, margarine, oil, cream, nuts, cheese, meat, chips
Proteins
Tissue Repair and growth
3rd source of energy
Meat, poultry, fish
Meat substitutes (nuts, eggs, tofu)
Vitamins
Regulate Metabolism
Fruits, vegetables, meat, milk
(Vitamins B, C, D
Minerals
Fruits, vegetables, legumes, milk, meat, fish (iron, calcium)
Water
(transports substances)
Beverages, fruits, veggies
Summary