1. Henrik Singmann David Kellen Christoph Klauer Johannes Falck
Investigating the Other-Race Effect using Multinomial Processing Tree Models
Henrik Singmann
David Kellen
Christoph Klauer
Johannes Falck

2. HOUSE BOAT FOOD SEAL RAIN RAIN CAT KING FOOD SEAL HEAVEN
Learning Phase:
HOUSE
BOAT
FOOD
SEAL
RAIN …
Test phase:
old? new?
RAIN
old? new?
CAT
old? new?
KING
old? new?
FOOD
old? new?
SEAL
old? new?
HEAVEN …

3. HOUSE BOAT FOOD SEAL RAIN RAIN CAT KING FOOD SEAL HEAVEN
Learning Phase:
HOUSE
BOAT
FOOD
SEAL
RAIN …
Old Word
New Word
old? new?
RAIN
old? new?
CAT
old? new?
KING
old? new?
FOOD
old? new?
SEAL
old? new?
HEAVEN
Hit
Miss
Correct Rejection
False Alarm …

4. HOUSE BOAT FOOD SEAL RAIN RAIN CAT HEAVEN KING FOOD SEAL
Learning Phase:
P(hits) + P(misses) = 1
P(false alarms) + P(correct rejections) = 1
= two independent data points
HOUSE
BOAT
FOOD
SEAL
RAIN …
Old Word
New Word
old? new?
RAIN
old? new?
CAT
old? new?
HEAVEN
old? new?
KING
old? new?
FOOD
old? new?
SEAL
Hit
Miss
Correct Rejection
False Alarm

5. central-european faces
Two item classes:
central-european faces
turkish/arabic faces
Learning phase:
Test phase:
old? new?
old? new?
old? new?
Data:
own-race faces
other-race faces
hits
false alarms
old? new?
old? new?
old? new?

6. central-european faces
Two item classes:
central-european faces
turkish/arabic faces
Learning phase:
Test phase:
old? new?
old? new?
old? new?
Expected data:
own-race faces
other-race faces
hits
(1.4 ×)
false alarms
(1.6 ×)
old? new?
old? new?
old? new?
>
<
Other Race Effect (ORE) (Meissner & Brigham, 2001)

7. Research Questions ORE in Germany with Turkish/Arabic faces?
Turks/Arabs largest ethnic minority (Statistisches Bundesamt, 2011)
most-researched other-race: Blacks (USA)
Source for ORE: memory- or response processes?
Memory processes: better memory = ↑ hits + ↓ false alarm worse memory = ↓ hits + ↑ false alarm
Response processes: bias "old" = ↑ hits + ↑ false alarm bias "new" = ↓ hits + ↓ false alarm

8. Extended 2HTM Old Items "old" "new" Do 1 - Do 1 – gunsure gunsure
1 – gold/new
gold/new
"unsure"
New Items Dn
1 - Dn

9. Extended 2HTM Old Items "old" "new" Do 1 - Do 1 – gunsure gunsure
1 – gold/new
gold/new
"unsure"
New Items Dn
1 - Dn
1. detection

10. Extended 2HTM Old Items "old" "new" Do 1 - Do 1 – gunsure gunsure
1. detection
Old Items
"old"
"new" Do
1 - Do
1 – gunsure
gunsure
1 – gold/new
gold/new
"unsure"
New Items Dn
1 - Dn
2. uncertainty

11. Experiments 1 (n = 42) & 2 (n = 36)
100 pictures each (turkish/arabic and white):
from websites of turkish, arabic, or central european football teams (no known leagues)
Matched after pretest: ethnicity, valence, distinctivness
Exp. 1: Singmann, Kellen, & Klauer (2013), CogSci Proceedings

12. error bars: 95%-Cosineau-Morey-Baguley within-subjects CIs
†: p < .1
*: p < .05
**: p < .01
***: p < .001
Response Proportions
Exp. 1:
Exp. 2:
*** † *
*** *
***
*** ** **
error bars: 95%-Cosineau-Morey-Baguley within-subjects CIs

13. (posterior grand-mean μ) Hierarchical Bayesian *
Exp. 1:
(posterior grand-mean μ)
Hierarchical Bayesian *
Exp. 2: *

14. Experiment 3 (n = 37) 100 pictures each (black and white):
Color FERET (Facial Recognition Technology) database

15. error bars: 95%-Cosineau-Morey-Baguley within-subjects CIs
Response Proportions *
*** * ** **
error bars: 95%-Cosineau-Morey-Baguley within-subjects CIs

16. (posterior grand-mean μ) Hierarchical Bayesian*

17. Research Questions: Take home Message
ORE in Germany with Turkish/Arabic faces?
YES, but other than expected (replicated for Black faces)
Source for ORE: memory- or response processes?
Some evidence for influence memory processes.
Stronger evidence for differences in response processes (stronger "old"-bias for other-race faces)
Preliminary results point towards different ORE groups.

18. Thanks to my Collaborators

19. Exp 1 & 2 (n = 78) * †

20. Exp 2: Response Proportions
Exp. 2 (binary):
Exp. 2 (ternary):
*** *
***
***
*** ** **
error bars: 95%-Cosineau-Morey-Baguley within-subjects CIs

21. Correlations Exp. 2 Exp. 1 Exp. 3 p < .05 p < .1 White faces
Arabic faces Do Dn gu
go/n
.56
.65
.61
.91
-.31
-.33
.60
Arabic f.
-.34
Correlations
Exp. 1
White faces
Arabic faces Do Dn gu
go/n
.70
.55
-.60
.90
Arabic f.
Exp. 3
White faces
Black faces Do Dn gu
go/n
.55
.75
.39
.52
.35
.86
.60
Black f.
p < .05
p < .1

22. Hierar. Bayesian (posterior μ)
Exp. 1
MLE (individual fits)
***
Hierar. Bayesian (posterior μ) *

23. Hierar. Bayesian (posterior μ)
Exp. 2
MLE (individual fits)
***
Hierar. Bayesian (posterior μ) *

24. Hierar. Bayesian (posterior μ)
Exp. 3
MLE (individual fits)
***
Hierar. Bayesian (posterior μ) *

25. Results Experiment 1
(posterior grand-mean μ)
Hierarchical Bayesian *

26. Results Experiment 2
(posterior grand-mean μ)
Hierarchical Bayesian *