1. COUNSELLING SKILLS FOR MANAGERS
Ashalakshmi.R.K

2. MEANING OF COUNSELLING
Discussions and interactions
Between a person who has a problem
It should be solved

3. Definition
Counselling is that interaction between two individuals to find a solution to the problems, which have an emotional angle, of one individual. Such a solution usually includes behavioural change in the individual whose problems are being discussed”.
Pepinsky and Pepensky
(1954)

4. “Counselling is a dynamic and purposeful relationship between two people in which procedures vary with the nature of students needs .
But in which there is always mutual participation by the counsellor and the students with the focus upon self-clarification and self – determination by the student.”
Wrenn(1951)

5. Two persons:
A counsellor
A counselee
Sometimes more than two person

6. Involves exchange of ideas
Expression of feelings
Act of communication and
Introspection

7. Need for counselling Stress on the job Insecurity –retirement
Taking a risk (promotion etc)
Mental unrest due to stagnation
Depression caused by domestic problems
Emotionally challenging time

8. Importance of counseling
Both to society and organization
Humanistic approach
Responsive to the concern of the employees
Attract and retain good talent

9. Done through generalization or through specialization
Example
Managers are the first counsellors
Professional counsellors –significance

10. Case: managers emphasis more on task leadership
Little emphasis on emotional problems
Result……………………..?
Manger –develop interpersonal problem solving skills

11. Objectives of counselling
To help solve employees problems
Support employees on:
Self confidence
Self direction

12. Self control
To foster positive interpersonal relationship
To create a climate of assurance and
High morale for peaceful cooperation of employees at the workplace

13. Counselling functions
Advice
Telling a person what you think would be done; coaching
Reassurance
Giving people courage and confidence that they are capable of facing a problem
Communication
Providing information and understanding
Clarified thinking
Encouraging more coherent , rational and mature thought
Release of emotional tension
Helping a person feel free from frustration and stress
Reorientation
Encouraging an internal change in goals ,values and mental models

14. Drawbacks Reassurance : Lack of trust Weak mind Communication Upward
Downward

15. Clarified thinking:
Don’t jump into conclusion
Explain what is right and what is wrong
Reorientation:
Reorganize limitation

16. Identify potential
E.g. Employees at the time of recession need reorientation
Reorienting towards new skill

17. Types of counselling Two different ways :
1.Based on the counsellor’s direction
2.Based on focus

18. 1.Based on counsellor’s direction
Counsellor Client
Counsellor Direction –oriented continuum
LOW DIRECTION
MEDIUM
HIGH DIRECTION
Non-directive counselling
Co-operative/Participative counselling
Directive counselling

19. A. Directive counselling:
Counsellor oriented
Listen to the employee’s problem
Decide with the employees- what he should do?

20. B. Non-directive counselling:
It is client centered
Skillfully listen to the counselee
Encourage to determine the appropriate solution
It focus on reorienting the employees

21. Example: Two groups developed non-directive counselling
Elton Mayo and Roethlisberger and others
Carl. R. Rogers and his colleagues

22. C. Participative counselling:
Falls in between the two extremes
Also known as middle ground type or cooperative counselling

23. A contingency view on types of counselling
A. Nature of problem:
For a timely logical solution-DC
For an emotional problem-NDC
B. Manager’s time and effort:
If manager is willing-NDC
Not willing- DC

24. C. Preference of counselees:
Counselees seek a nurturing role- PC or NDC
For a job related expertise or problem solving skills-DC

25. 2.Based on focus A. Problem solving counselling:
Specific problem in personal or professional life
Generate Problem-specific solutions
Solutions are tried and then reviewed

26. B. Interpersonal counselling:
Used for interpersonal relation
Used both at the home and place
Includes identifying a problem-Rectify it

27. C. Psychodynamic counselling:
Focuses on the client’s past experience
Other unconscious process to interpret current behavior
Help to create an awareness on clients behaviour

28. 3.Based on medium Counselling through ---medium
E.g.: Telephone and other online methods

29. Merits:
It can be constructive
Easy to maintain concentration
Feel more free to express ( Anonymity and Confidentiality)

30. Demerits :
No visual information –--body language
Difficulty in establishing relationship with client
No eye contact