1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS and RESPIRATION
BIOCHEMISTRY 2
PHOTOSYNTHESIS and RESPIRATION

3. Photosynthesis Related Vocabulary
Nutrition:
The way an organism obtains its’ food.
Autotrophic Nutrition:
A type of nutrition in which an organism synthesizes organic substances from inorganic substances. Ex.
Autotrophs:
Organisms that can synthesizes organic food substances from inorganic substances.
Photosynthesis:
The process by which energy from light is converted into chemical energy in the presence of chlorophyll
Chemosynthesis-
The process by which energy from chemicals are converted into chemical energy.

6. Photosynthesis
During photosynthesis, _____ energy is converted into the ________ energy of ORGANIC molecules.
light
chemical
It is an important process because nearly all of the chemical energy available to living organisms in food comes directly or indirectly from photosynthesis. In addition, almost all of the ______ in the air comes from photosynthesis.
oxygen

7. In most organisms, the reactions for photosynthesis take place in cell organelles called ___________. Chloroplasts contain green pigments called, ___________ as well as other pigments.
chloroplasts
chlorophylls
Inside the chloroplasts are stacked disks called ______. It is in the ______ that chlorophyll is held and light energy for photosynthesis is trapped. The spaces inside the chloroplasts contain a protein-containing fluid called ______.
grana
grana
stroma

8. Chloroplast Structure

9. In the reactions of photosynthesis, energy from ____ is trapped by chlorophyll and used to make simple sugars from carbon dioxide and water. _______ is released as a by-product of the reactions.
light
Oxygen
Photosynthesis Reaction: (word equation)
Light
energy
Carbon
dioxide + + +
Water
Glucose
Oxygen
Water
Chlorophyll
Enzymes

10. Photosynthesis Reaction:
(word equation)
Carbon
dioxide +
Water
Glucose
Oxygen
Light
energy
Chlorophyll
Enzymes
(chemical equation)
Light
energy
6CO2 +
12H2O
C6H12O6 +
6O2 +
6H2O
Chlorophyll
Enzymes

11. _____ is the source of energy for photosynthesis
_____ is the source of energy for photosynthesis. However, only certain wavelengths of light can be used. White light, such as sunlight, is made up of many different wavelengths of light. You know these wavelengths of light as the colors of the ________.
Light
rainbow

12. The wavelengths of light that are most efficient for photosynthesis are ____ and ____ wavelengths. This is because they are absorbed by chlorophyll to a greater degree than other wavelengths.
red
blue
Wavelengths of _____ light are less effective because they tend to be reflected by chlorophyll instead of absorbed. Plants appear green because of the green wavelengths reflected by chlorophyll.
green

13. Light absorption by chloroplast pigments

14. The _______ that is formed may be:
glucose
Used as an energy source in cellular respiration
Synthesized into other organic compounds
Converted into storage products by dehydration synthesis.

15. Review

18. Stomates & Guard Cells in the leaf
Function of stomates
CO2 in
O2 out
H2O out
gets to leaves for photosynthesis
Function of guard cells
open & close stomates
guard cell
stomate

21. Factors Affecting Rate of Photosynthesis
Temperature: increases rate up to a certain point
Light Intensity: increases rate up to a certain point
CO2 level: Increases rate up to a certain point
Water: decrease water, decrease photosynthesis
Minerals; Ex. Magnesium, Nitrogen