1. It’s The circle of cell life
How do cells reproduce and grow?

2. Why do cells divide?
To replace other cells that have been damaged or worn out
To allow multicellular organisms to grow
For asexual reproduction
Because they get too big!

3. What is MITOSIS?
Mitosis is the process by which the nucleus of one cell DIVIDES into two nuclei
Therefore, each cell has the same genetic material as the original cell
Its like “photocopying” the cell- the two daughter cells are identical

4. Genetic Information
Genetic information is contained in the DNA of the cell
DNA is found in the thread-like coils called CHROMATIN when the cell is NOT dividing
When the cell is dividing, the chromatin condenses (packs into) chromosomes
genes are small sections of chromosomes that contain the information for a specific cell function

5. The big picture

6. Human Chromosomes

7. The cell cycle

8. The cell spends the most amount of time in interphase- growing
Cell Cycle
The cell spends the most amount of time in interphase- growing

9. Cell Cycle- Interphase
During INTERPHASE the cell is GROWING and preparing to reproduce
The cell’s DNA is being copied (replicated)
The DNA is in the form of loosely coiled CHROMATIN

10. Cell Cycle- Mitosis
Remember! Mitosis is the stages of the cell cycle in which the nucleus and cell divides
Mitosis is divided into:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokenesis

11. The cell spends a very short amount of time in mitosis- dividing
Cell Cycle
The cell spends a very short amount of time in mitosis- dividing

12. The phases of mitosis

13. Early Prophase
Chromosomes are condensed and consist of 2 sister chromatids
The nuclear membrane begins to break down
Spindle fibers appear

14. Late Prophase
The CENTROMERE joins each pair of sister chromatids to the spindle fiber

15. Metaphase
Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell

16. Anaphase Spindle fibers separate sister chromatids and pull them apart
Once they have separated they are individual chromosomes

17. Telophase Spindle fibers disassemble Nuclear envelope reforms
The nuclear envelope will become the nuclear membrane

18. Cytokinesis
In animal cells, the new cell membrane pinches off forming two new separate cells
In plant cells, new cell membrane pinches off and a cell wall forms
The cytoplasm is divided between the two cells