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The Scientific Revolution
Dr. Matthew’s World History
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Changing Views of the Universe
Astronomy Nicolaus Copernicus (Polish) Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543) Heliocentric Tycho Brahe (Danish) Accumulated data regarding movement of heavenly bodies His findings supported Copernicus’s Heliocentric theory
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Astronomy continued Johannes Kepler (German) Galileo Galilei (Italian)
His calculations supported Copernicus’ heliocentric theory Proved that orbits were elliptical Galileo Galilei (Italian) Assembled an astronomical telescope Detailed our moon, discovered the 4 moons of Jupiter 1633 – tried before the Inquisition, kept under house arrest for one year Forced, under threat of death, to renounce his “heresies” and to declare that the Earth stands motionless.
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The New Scientific Method
Francis Bacon (English) Emphasized experimentation and observation Rene Descartes (French) Emphasized human reasoning Discourse on Method (1637) “I think, therefore I am” Scientific Method Step-by-Step Process Hypothesis
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The Human Body Robert Boyle (English) Andreas Vesalius (Belgium)
1543, On the Structure of the Human Body Ambroise Pare (French) Developed ointments for infections, new surgical techniques William Harvey (English) Described the circulatory system Anton van Leeuwenhoek (Dutch) Perfected the microscope Chemistry Robert Boyle (English)
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Isaac Newton Gravity Calculus
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