1. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
New theories about the universe
A new way of gathering information based on experiment and reasoning.
Medical knowledge developed

2. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
New technologies and tools:
ex. telescope, microscope, Fahrenheit and Celsius thermometers and the first air pump that created a vacuum were introduced
Mathematics improved:
introduction of the decimal system, logarithms, and analytical geometry (trigonometry)

3. Sir Francis Bacon
English Philosopher
Scientific Method

4. Change in View of Universe
One of the most significant changes
Originally, people believed the earth was at the center.
Using science and mathematics, determined the sun was the center of the universe.

5. Ptolemy System A.K.A – geocentric system
Sun and planets revolve around the earth
Earth was stationary
Celestial bodies rotated in a circle or concentric spheres
Heaven was outside the outermost sphere – where God lives.

6. Copernican System A.K.A -- heliocentric system
Sun is center of universe & planets revolve around it
Takes God/heaven out of the picture
Theory not embraced by society early on.

7. JOHANNES KEPLER German astronomer
Confirmed Copernicus’ view of the universe
Developed three laws of planetary motion
Determined planets take an elliptical path, not circular

8. GALILEO Italian Astronomer First to use a telescope to observe skies
His discoveries formed bases of modern physics
Discovered how planetary bodies move in space; bodies of different weight fall at same speed

9. GALILEO Galileo published his work in The Starry Messenger (1610).
Catholic Church went after Galileo; ordered him to stop his work
It challenged the Church’s view of God as head of the universe.
Galileo did recant his statements, but only under great pressure from the Church

10. SIR ISAAC NEWTON
English Scientist – considered greatest genius of Sci. Revolution
Discovered laws of universal gravitation.
Published his work in Principia
Developed calculus.
Found that light is made up of colors of the spectrum.

11. Modern Chemistry Robert Boyle Joseph Priestley
First person to use scientific method in chemistry.
Determined difference between mixtures and compounds.
Developed Boyle’s Law
Joseph Priestley
Identified chemical substances
Researched “airs” – ex. Nitrous Oxide, Ammonia, and Oxygen

12. Medical Advances Paracelsus – Swiss doctor Anton van Leeuwenhoek
specific diseases had specific external causes – mostly from poisons.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
explored tiny organisms through a microscope. He opened the door for the discovery of germ-caused diseases.

13. Andreas Vesalius Belgium Pioneer of anatomy.
Dissected dead bodies to understand its make-up.
Published book – On the Fabric of the Human Body
His methods became the standard for all medical practice to this day.

14. William Harvey An English Doctor Discovered how the circulatory system
Heart is the main pump not the liver
Determined how blood pressure worked within the body.

15. Age of Reason
The period in which the natural sciences expanded is called the Age of Reason
It had its roots in scientific and intellectual advances in the 17th century, and reached its highest point in the 18th century.