1. Properties of matter and applications

2. Physical Properties

3. Physical properties are any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substance that make up the material. These are usually physical descriptions of the material, but they can also include some behaviors.

4. Physical descriptions Behaviors
Color
Shape
Size (volume)
Melting/Boiling Point
Mass
Weight
Phase (solid, liquid, gas)
Temperature
Elasticity
Density
magnetic = attraction of a magnet to iron
ductile = drawn into a wire like
copper
malleable = able to be pounded into
sheets
Viscosity
Buoyancy

5. Fluids A FLUID is any material that has the ability to flow.
This includes gases and liquids
Physical property

6. D (g/ mL) Density m ___ = vol
Is the amount of matter in a certain volume
It is calculated by dividing the mass of the object (or material) by the volume m
___
(g)
D (g/ mL) =
vol
(mL)

7. Viscosity Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to flow.
The “thicker” the fluid, the greater the viscosity.
Determined by the size of the molecules and by their tendency to stick together (cohesiveness).
Viscosity decreases as temperature increases. (If you heat something up, it is easier to pour)

8. Physical Properties can be used to separate materials

9. Sort by size, sifting or sorting
Sunflower vs. Poppy Seeds

10. Sort by magnetism
Iron vs. Sand

11. PHYSICAL CHANGE = a change in size, shape, or state of matter
(ice  water  gas)
Rip a piece of paper

12. May involve energy changes but NOT change the kind of substance
Melt Iron  change color and shape, but still iron

13. Distillation = process of separating substances in a mixture
by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor.
Liquid vaporizes and condenses, leaving the solid (salt) behind

14. Chemical Properties of matter and applications

15. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
= a characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo
a certain chemical change.
“Flammable”
Burning produces new substances

16. Many medicines  dark bottles
Change chemically if exposed to light

17. CHEMICAL CHANGE Rust = a change of one substance into another
(Remember that if you are forming a
new material it is most likely going
to have a new appearance. This means
That you will almost always see physical
changes accompany a chemical change)
Rust
Smell of rotten egg

18. Foaming of antacid
tablet

19. Only sure proof that a new substance is produced is a rapid release of energy – heat, light, and sound

20. Hydrogen gas combines with oxygen =Explosion
rocket engine

22.  Chemical Change: Cleaning tarnished silver
Tarnish is silver sulfides that form from sulfur
compounds in the air 

23. Pot of water = baking soda and crumpled aluminum foil

24. 
Change back to silver by chemical reaction

25. CHEMICAL CHANGE vs
PHYSICAL CHANGE

26. Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water 
Chemical Equation
Reactants  Products
A chemical equation can be written for
A process that has a chemical reaction
Take In  Make/Give Off
Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water 
Glucose (sugar) + Oxygen

27. 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Light Light Energy CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2
Chloroplast
Sugars + O2

28. Forces of nature reshape Earth’s surface
WEATHERING – CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL CHANGE?
Forces of nature reshape Earth’s surface

29. Physical:
Large rocks split when water freezes
Doesn’t change the rock

30. Wood combustible and burnable = chemical property

31. Pile of ash is small – loss of matter?
Collected = oxygen, smoke and gas that escaped =
No mass lost

32. Law of Conservation of Mass
= mass before chemical change equal mass after
chemical change
“Mass cannot be created nor destroyed”