1. Write G3 in upper right corner
ATOMIC THEORY
Teaching Notes:
Majority of STAR questions from chapter 4 & 5…check for comprehension OFTEN!
Each section of chapter 4 starts with new Cornell Notes page (CN). Be sure to change “H” page number for each set of CN based on binder set up for current teaching year. Reinforce each section with review worksheets from text. Give quiz for section 1 and project assessment for sections 1 – 4. Teach section 5 (radioactivity) by reading text and completing reading/notetaking packet for section 5. Follow up with review worksheet from text.
Set up Cornell Notes
Write G3 in upper right corner 1

2. Atom the smallest particle of matter
from the Greek word atomos meaning uncuttable or indivisible
Democritus 430 B.C. 2

3. Atomic Theory
…in 1600s
…grew as a series of models that developed from experimental evidence.
As more evidence was collected, the theory and models were revised. 3

4. Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Proposed in 1803
…laid the groundwork for later atomic models.
Over time, his original theory has been expanded and updated.
John Dalton 4

5. Dalton’s Atomic Theory
Atoms can’t be divided.
Atoms of the same element are exactly alike with the same mass.
Atom of one element can’t be changed into an atom of a different element. Atoms can’t be created or destroyed, only rearranged.
Compounds are composed of atoms of different elements in specific ratios. 5

6. With a few exceptions, Dalton’s theory is used TODAY!
Dalton’s Atomic Theory
With a few exceptions, Dalton’s theory is used TODAY! 6

7. Thomson’s Model
Proposed model in 1897
…atoms contain negatively charged electrons embedded on a positively charged sphere.
Joseph John Thomson 7

8. Rutherford’s Model
Proposed model in 1911
… atom contained a tiny core called a nucleus with positively-charged protons.
Ernest Rutherford 8

9. Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment9

10. Bohr’s Model
Proposed model in 1913
… electrons moving around the nucleus in fixed orbits that have a set amount of energy.
Niels Bohr 10

11. Cloud Model
Proposed model in 1920
… electrons move rapidly in every direction around the nucleus. 11

12. Modern Atomic Model
Proposed model in 1932
… at the center of the atom is a massive nucleus made of protons and neutrons with a cloudlike region surrounding it.
James Chadwick 12

13. ATOMIC THEORY TIMELINE
On a piece of notebook paper (attached to your Cornell Notes), create a timeline of the development of the atomic theory from 430 BC through 1932.
Include the following on your timeline:
year of the proposed model, idea, or advancement
name of the scientist responsible for the idea or model (if there is one)
sketch of the model with labels for each part (if there is a model) 13

14. ATOMIC THEORY DEVELOPMENT TIMELINE
Atomic Theory Develops
Democritus
Cloud Model
Rutherford
Thomson
Chadwick
Dalton
Bohr
1600
1897
1913
1932
430BC
1803
1911
1920 14

15. Check for comprehension: Review Reinforce Assess15

16. MIXED UP CARDS ACTIVITY16

17. MIXED UP CARDS
Number students in group 1 – 4 (if only 3 students, student #1 is also #4).
Place the cards on the table with the numbers facing up, all mixed up.
Student #1 designs a plan to organize the cards and writes it on paper.
Student #2 organizes the card according to the plan.
Student #3 tells student #4 what card to find.
Student #2 records how long it takes to find the card. Repeat this step 3 times. Record your time.
Repeat all above steps switching student rolls within your group. 17

18. 18

19. Groups (Families) Periods F10 (green) (yellow/orange) (white) Metal
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
(green)
(blue)
(yellow/orange)
Groups (Families)
(white)
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Periods
F10 19

20. Periodic Table of Elements
Set up Cornell Notes
Page G6 20

21. Periodic Table Organization
Mendeleev organized the first periodic table by increasing atomic mass.
Modern periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number (number of p+). 21

22. Periodic Table Organization
Increasing atomic numbers from left to right.
Classes:
Metal
Semimetal
Nonmetal
Inert gas (a.k.a. Noble Gases)
Periods:
7 horizontal rows
Metals on left starting with most reactive
Nonmetals on right with most reactive on far right next to inert gases
Semimetals found in between metals and nonmetals
Groups (Families):
18 vertical columns
Elements with similar characteristics 22

23. Metals most reactive to least
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
(green)
(blue)
(yellow/orange)
Groups (Families)
(white)
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Nonmetals most
reactive to least
Periods
Metals most reactive to least
F10 23

24. Metals most reactive to least
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Nonmetals most
reactive to least
Metals most reactive to least
F10 24

25. H Hydrogen - one or two letters representing the name of the element.
- the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
- the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic number 1 H
Chemical symbol
Element name
Hydrogen
Atomic mass
1.01 25

26. Periodic Table Search ***Write the answers in the margin of your CN.
On scratch paper, create two questions that require searching the periodic table for the answers. Make your questions challenging!
Example:
What nonmetal is highly reactive and has the lowest mass?
Answer:
Fluorine B
***Write the answers in the margin of your CN. 26

27. Check for comprehension: Review Reinforce Assess27

28. Properties of Metals
Set up Cornell Notes
Page G8 28

29. Metals Physical Properties:
Good conductors of electric current and heat.
Physical Properties: 29

30. Luster
The shine of an element. 30

31. Malleable
Material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets or other shapes. 31

32. Ductile
Material that can be pulled out or drawn into a long wire. 32

33. Thermal Conductivity
Ability of an object to transfer heat. 33

34. Electrical Conductivity
Ability of an object to transfer electric current. 34

35. Chemical Properties Reactivity:
ease and speed a substance reacts with another substance.
Corrosion: gradual wearing away of a metal due to a chemical reaction. 35

36. Check for comprehension: Review Reinforce Assess36

37. Periodic Table Groups Set up Cornell Notes page
Write G?? in upper right corner of notes page 37

38. Alkali Metals Group 1: Sodium reacting with water
React with other elements by losing one electron
Highly reactive
Most important are sodium & potassium.
Sodium reacting with water 38

39. Groups (Families) Periods Alkali Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Periods 39

40. Alkaline Earth Metals Magnesium crystals Group 2:
React with other elements by losing two electrons
Fairly hard, gray-white, good electrical conductor
Most common are magnesium & calcium
Magnesium crystals 40

41. Groups (Families Periods Alkaline Earth Metals Alkali Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Groups (Families
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Periods 41

42. Iron Transition Metals Groups 3 - 12: Most are shiny & hard
Good electrical conductors
Most common are iron, copper, nickel, silver, gold 42

43. Groups (Families Periods Alkaline Earth Metals Alkali Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Groups (Families
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods 43

44. Lead Metals in Mixed Groups Groups 13 - 15:
only some of the elements in these groups are metals
never found uncombined in nature
most familiar are aluminum, tin, & lead
Lead 44

45. Groups (Families) Periods Metals in mixed groups Alkaline Earth Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Metals in mixed groups
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods 45

46. Lanthanides Terbium Below main part of table:
often mixed with more common metals to make alloys
usually found together in nature combined with other elements
Terbium 46

47. Groups (Families) Periods Metals in mixed groups Alkaline Earth Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Metals in mixed groups
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods
Lanthanides 47

48. Actinides Plutonium Below lanthanides:
elements after uranium are man-made
very unstable
Plutonium 48

49. Groups (Families) Periods Metals in mixed groups Alkaline Earth Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Metals in mixed groups
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods
Lanthanides
Actinides 49

50. Synthetic Elements
Made by forcing nuclear particles to crash into one another.
Particle Accelerator: used to speed up atomic nuclei 50

51. Metals most reactive to least
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Nonmetals most
reactive to least
Metals most reactive to least
F10 51

52. Groups (Families) Periods Alkali Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Periods 52

53. Groups (Families Periods Alkaline Earth Metals Alkali Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Groups (Families
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Periods 53

54. Groups (Families Periods Alkaline Earth Metals Alkali Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Groups (Families
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods 54

55. Groups (Families) Periods Metals in mixed groups Alkaline Earth Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Metals in mixed groups
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods 55

56. Groups (Families) Periods Metals in mixed groups Alkaline Earth Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Metals in mixed groups
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods
Lanthanides 56

57. Groups (Families) Periods Metals in mixed groups Alkaline Earth Metals
Semimetal
Inert gas
Nonmetal
Metals in mixed groups
Groups (Families)
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
zig-zag separates metals from nonmetals
Transition Metals
Periods
Lanthanides
Actinides 57

58. Read pages 148 – 155 including figures.
AS YOU READ, circle and label the carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and halogen families on your periodic table (F10).
In Cornell Notes style, define the “Key Terms” listed on page 148 using pages DO NOT use the glossary. (G8)
On page 155, complete “Section 4 Assessment, Reviewing Key Concepts” on notebook paper. Answer in complete sentences. Don't write the questions. (G8) 58

59. QUIZ
Atomic structure: subatomic particles, their charges, location, & mass.
How periodic table was organized & how chemists changed it to what we use today.
Organization of periodic table: groups & periods, reactivity of metals & nonmetals. 59

60. ADD SECTION 4.4 SECTION 4.5 – USE READING/NOTETAKING PACKET
Check for comprehension:
Review
Reinforce
Assess 60