1. Respiratory System Function, Assessment, and Therapeutic Measures
Chapter 29
Respiratory System Function, Assessment, and Therapeutic Measures

2. Review of A&P

3. Acid-Base Balance Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis
Hypoventilation
Respiratory Alkalosis
Hyperventilation

4. Effects of Aging

5. History Upper Respiratory Symptoms Lower Respiratory Symptoms
Exposures/Smoking
Current Treatments
Family History

6. WHAT’S UP? Where Is It? How Does It Feel?
Aggravating and Alleviating Factors
Timing
Severity
Useful Other Data
Patient’s Perception

7. Inspection
Symmetry
Dyspnea
Use of Accessory Muscles
Color

8. Inspection (cont’d)
Respiratory Rate and Rhythm
Chest Shape

9. Palpation
Sinuses
Respiratory Excursion
Crepitus

10. Percussion
Resonance
Hyperresonance
Dull
Flat

11. Auscultation Normal Breath Sounds Adventitious Sounds
Compare Bilaterally

12. Adventitious Breath Sounds
Crackles—Coarse or Fine
Wheezes
Stridor
Friction Rub
Diminished
Absent

13. Laboratory Tests
CBC
ABGs
D-Dimer
Cultures
SpO2

14. Diagnostic Tests Chest X-Ray CT Scan VQ Scan PFTs Angiography
Bronchoscopy

15. Therapeutic Measures Behavior Modification Counseling
Setting Quit Date
Nicotine Replacement
Drug Therapy
Hypnosis

16. Therapeutic Measures (cont’d)
Deep Breathing and Coughing
Huff Coughing
Breathing Exercises

17. Therapeutic Measures (cont’d)
Positioning
Fowler’s
Semi-Fowler’s
Good Lung Down

18. Oxygen Therapy
Nasal Cannula

19. Oxygen Masks

20. Transtracheal Oxygen

21. NMT

22. MDI

23. Spacer

24. Incentive Spirometer

25. Chest Physiotherapy

26. Mucous Clearance Device

27. Chest Drainage Indications Chest Tube Insertion Drainage System
Nursing Care

28. Chest Drainage System

29. Tracheostomy Definition Indications Nursing Care Suctioning Cleaning
Communication
Teaching

30. Passy-Muir Speaking Valve

31. Intubation

32. Mechanical Ventilation
Invasive
Indications
Nursing Care
Trouble-Shooting Alarms

33. Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
Indications
Advantages
Nursing Care