1. Science 10 - Chemistry
5.2 - Salts

2. Acid-Base Neutralization
Salts are a class of ionic compounds that can be formed during the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of a positive ion (cation) and a negative ion (anion)
Neutralization reactions occur when an acid and a base react to produce a salt and water.
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  NaCl(s) + H2O(l )
acid base salt water
Do practice problems on page 236
Do practice problems on page 236

3. Metal Oxides and Non-Metal Oxides
Metal oxides react with water to form bases.
Ex Na2O(s) + H2O(l )  2NaOH(aq)
Non-metal oxides react with water to form acids
Ex SO2(g) + H2O(l )  H2SO3(aq)
Non-metal oxides are formed from the burning of fossil fuels
Add water in the atmosphere = acid precipitation

4. Acids and Metals Acids and Metals
The most reactive metals, at the bottom of groups 1 and 2, react vigorously with water and acids.
All other metals are less reactive than those in groups 1 and 2.
When metals do react with acids, H2 gas is usually released and a salt is produced.
Ex: 2HCl(aq) + Mg(s)  MgCl2(s) + H2(g)
acid metal salt hydrogen gas
Do practice problems on page 238

5. Acids and Carbonates Acids and Carbonates
Carbonates (-CO3) neutralize acids, protecting locations with natural carbonate supplies from acid precipitation.
H2SO CaCO3 CaSO4 + H2O + CO2
sulphuric calcium calcium water carbon
acid carbonate sulphate dioxide

6. Adding lime (calcium carbonate CaCO3) to a lake is called “liming.”
When and why would this be helpful?
Why is it not practical to always do liming?
What is a better alternative?