1. Hockenbury & Hockenbury Psychology 6e Worth Publishers (2013)
Step Up To: Psychology John J. Schulte, Psy.D. & Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD
Hockenbury & Hockenbury
Psychology 6e
Worth Publishers (2013)

2. Chapter 11: Personality The Social Cognitive Perspective
The Humanistic Perspective
The Trait Perspective
Assessing Personality: Psychological Tests
The Psychoanalytic Perspective

3. The Psychoanalytic Perspective
500
400
300
200
100

4. The Humanistic Perspective
500
400
300
200
100

5. The Social Cognitive Perspective
500
400
300
200
100

6. The Trait Perspective
500
400
300
200
100

7. Assessing Personality
500
400
300
200
100

8. 1. Which of the following psychodynamic theorists discussed the concept of the inferiority complex?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Karen Horney
C) Carl Jung
D) Alfred Adler

9. 2. Which of the following is not one of the levels of awareness identified in the original theory of Sigmund Freud?
A) The unconscious
B) The conscious
C) The preconscious
D) The subconscious

10. 3. According to Freud, “I want pleasure, and I want it now,” refers to the part of the personality called the:
A) superego.
B) eros.
C) id.
D) ego.

11. 4. Threatened by his own attraction to other males, Mr
4. Threatened by his own attraction to other males, Mr. Jones leads an active campaign against gay rights. He is displaying the ego defense mechanism called:
A) denial.
B) opposition.
C) reaction formation.
D) displacement.

12. 5. Jung believed that the deepest part of the individual psyche is the __________, which is shared by all people.
A) architypical unconscious
B) collective unconscious
C) Oedipus unconscious
D) individual unconscious

13. 6. Which theoretical orientation has often been referred to as the “third force” in psychology?
A) The humanistic perspective
B) The social-cognitive perspective
C) The trait perspective
D) The psychodynamic perspective

14. 7. According to Rogers, the most basic human motive is the innate drive to maintain and enhance ourselves, called:
A) aggressive instincts.
B) the self-concept.
C) the actualizing tendency.
D) the sense of self.

15. 8. Rogers believed that the fully functioning person:
A) is likely to be creative and spontaneous.
B) enjoys harmonious relationships with others.
C) has a congruent self-concept.
D) demonstrates all of the above.

16. 9. “ I do not approve of your behavior but I still love and value you
9. “ I do not approve of your behavior but I still love and value you. ” This attitude shows that a parent has _________ for his/her child.
A) conditional positive regard
B) compassionate parenting
C) unconditional positive regard
D) conditions of worth

17. 10. Which of the following is a major criticism of the humanistic perspective?
A) It is based solely on childhood memories and conflicts.
B) It has no relevance to psychotherapy.
C) It discounts the idea of a healthy personality.
D) It is too optimistic and ignores the darker side of human nature.

18. 11. Albert Bandura describes self-efficacy as:
A) being the best that one can be.
B) the sense of being loved and accepted by others.
C) feelings of self-confidence or self-doubt.
D) the drive to learn despite early failures.

19. 12. Bandura explains behavior and personality as being caused by the interaction of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors. This process is called:
A) self-efficacy.
B) social-cultural psychology.
C) reciprocal determinism.
D) social cognitive theory.

20. 13. The social cognitive perspective places most of the responsibility for our behavior:
A) on ourselves.
B) on our childhood history.
C) on our learned behavior.
D) on the way we were parented.

21. 14. The social cognitive perspective differs from the humanistic perspective in that social cognitive theorists:
A) rely heavily on experimental findings.
B) emphasize feelings and insight.
C) deal with free-will.
D) have less scientific fact on which to base their theory.

22. 15. Some psychologists criticize the social cognitive theory, claiming:
A) it is too scientific.
B) its theories are descriptive and not testable.
C) it lacks description of the whole person.
D) it has no relevance to psychotherapy.

23. 16. A trait is best defined as :
A) an unconscious motive driving our behavior.
B) a repeated pattern of behavior.
C) a relatively stable, enduring predisposition to consistently behave in a certain way.
D) a description of our outward appearance.

24. 17. Personality characteristics or attributes that can be easily inferred from observable behavior are known as __________ traits.
A) secondary
B) primary
C) source
D) surface

25. 18. According to Eysenck someone low on the personality dimension he called psychoticism:
A) is excitable, changeable, and impulsive.
B) is antisocial, cold, hostile, and unconcerned about others.
C) is warm and caring toward others.
D) is sober, pessimistic, and rigid.

26. 19. More recent trait theorists believe Raymond Cattell proposed too many traits and Hans Eysenck proposed too few, resulting in the:
A) modern cognitive-behavioral model.
B) five-factor model.
C) neo-Freudian perspective.
D) Sixteen PF Questionnaire.

27. 20. According to research which personality traits in the five-factor model tend to decline slightly as an individual gets older?
A) agreeableness and extraversion
B) conscientiousness and agreeableness
C) neuroticism and openness to experience
D) extroversion and neuroticism

28. 21. Which of the following is not a self-report questionnaire designed to assess an individual’s personality?
A) 16PF
B) MMPI
C) CPI
D) TAT

29. 22. The most widely used personality test is currently the:
A) MMPI.
B) Rorschach Inkblot Test.
C) TAT.
D) 16PF.

30. 23. The main difference between the MMPI and the California Personality Inventory (CPI) is that the CPI:
A) is a much longer process than the MMPI.
B) was designed to assess normal populations.
C) is based on other people’s observations of us.
D) was designed for use on clinical populations.

31. 24. The objective personality test based on the trait theory of Raymond Cattell is the:
A) TAT.
B) MMPI.
C) CPI.
D) 16PF.

32. 25. A major advantage of objective personality tests over projective tests is that:
A) objective tests measure unconscious motives.
B) objective tests are more difficult to fake.
C) objective tests are less affected by fatigue in the subject.
D) objective tests have higher reliability and validity.

33. Congratulations!

34. Answers
Stop here, or continue as a review

35. 1. Which of the following psychodynamic theorists discussed the concept of the inferiority complex?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Karen Horney
C) Carl Jung
D) Alfred Adler

36. 2. Which of the following is not one of the levels of awareness identified in the original theory of Sigmund Freud?
A) The unconscious
B) The conscious
C) The preconscious
D) The subconscious

37. 3. According to Freud, “I want pleasure, and I want it now,” refers to the part of the personality called the:
A) superego.
B) eros.
C) id.
D) ego.

38. 4. Threatened by his own attraction to other males, Mr
4. Threatened by his own attraction to other males, Mr. Jones leads an active campaign against gay rights. He is displaying the ego defense mechanism called:
A) denial.
B) opposition.
C) reaction formation.
D) displacement.

39. 5. Jung believed that the deepest part of the individual psyche is the __________, which is shared by all people.
A) architypical unconscious
B) collective unconscious
C) Oedipus unconscious
D) individual unconscious

40. 6. Which theoretical orientation has often been referred to as the “third force” in psychology?
A) The humanistic perspective
B) The social-cognitive perspective
C) The trait perspective
D) The psychodynamic perspective

41. 7. According to Rogers, the most basic human motive is the innate drive to maintain and enhance ourselves, called:
A) aggressive instincts.
B) the self-concept.
C) the actualizing tendency.
D) the sense of self.

42. 8. Rogers believed that the fully functioning person:
A) is likely to be creative and spontaneous.
B) enjoys harmonious relationships with others.
C) has a congruent self-concept.
D) demonstrates all of the above.

43. 9. “ I do not approve of your behavior, but I still love and value you
9. “ I do not approve of your behavior, but I still love and value you. ” This attitude shows that a parent has _________ for his/her child.
A) conditional positive regard
B) compassionate parenting
C) unconditional positive regard
D) conditions of worth

44. 10. Which of the following is a major criticism of the humanistic perspective?
A) It is based solely on childhood memories and conflicts.
B) It has no relevance to psychotherapy.
C) It discounts the idea of a healthy personality.
D) It is too optimistic and ignores the darker side of human nature.

45. 11. Albert Bandura describes self-efficacy as:
A) being the best that one can be.
B) the sense of being loved and accepted by others.
C) feelings of self-confidence or self-doubt.
D) the drive to learn despite early failures.

46. 12. Bandura explains behavior and personality as being caused by the interaction of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors. This process is called:
A) self-efficacy.
B) social-cultural psychology.
C) reciprocal determinism .
D) social cognitive theory.

47. 13. The social cognitive perspective places most of the responsibility for our behavior:
A) on ourselves.
B) on our childhood history.
C) on our learned behavior.
D) on the way we were parented.

48. 14. The social cognitive perspective differs from the humanistic perspective in that social cognitive theorists:
A) rely heavily on experimental findings.
B) emphasize feelings and insight.
C) deal with free-will.
D) have less scientific fact on which to base their theory.

49. 15. Some psychologists criticize the social cognitive theory, claiming:
A) it is too scientific.
B) its theories are descriptive and not testable.
C) it lacks description of the whole person.
D) it has no relevance to psychotherapy.

50. 16. A trait is best defined as :
A) an unconscious motive driving our behavior.
B) a repeated pattern of behavior.
C) a relatively stable, enduring predisposition to consistently behave in a certain way.
D) a description of our outward appearance.

51. 17. Personality characteristics or attributes that can be easily inferred from observable behavior are known as __________ traits.
A) secondary
B) primary
C) source
D) surface

52. 18. According to Eysenck, someone low on the personality dimension he called psychoticism:
A) is excitable, changeable, and impulsive.
B) is antisocial, cold, hostile, and unconcerned about others.
C) is warm and caring toward others.
D) is sober, pessimistic, and rigid.

53. 19. More recent trait theorists believe Raymond Cattell proposed too many traits and Hans Eysenck proposed too few, resulting in the:
A) modern cognitive-behavioral model.
B) five-factor model.
C) neo-Freudian perspective.
D) Sixteen PF Questionnaire.

54. 20. According to research, which personality traits in the five-factor model tend to decline slightly as an individual gets older?
A) agreeableness and extraversion
B) conscientiousness and agreeableness
C) neuroticism and openness to experience
D) extroversion and neuroticism

55. 21. Which of the following is not a self-report questionnaire designed to assess an individual’s personality?
A) 16PF
B) MMPI
C) CPI
D) TAT

56. 22. The most widely used personality test is currently the:
A) MMPI.
B) Rorschach Inkblot Test.
C) TAT.
D) 16PF.

57. 23. The main difference between the MMPI and the California Personality Inventory (CPI) is that the CPI:
A) is a much longer process than the MMPI.
B) was designed to assess normal populations.
C) is based on other people’s observations of us.
D) was designed for use on clinical populations.

58. 24. The objective personality test based on the trait theory of Raymond Cattell is the:
A) TAT.
B) MMPI.
C) CPI.
D) 16PF.

59. 25. A major advantage of objective personality tests over projective tests is that:
A) objective tests measure unconscious motives.
B) objective tests are more difficult to fake.
C) objective tests are less affected by fatigue in the subject.
D) objective tests have higher reliability and validity.

60. Acknowledgments Step Up Created by: Questions written by:
John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
Questions written by:
Jason S. Spiegelman, M.A., ABD
Based on Psychology 6e,
by Hockenbury and Hockenbury
Published by Worth Publishers, 2013

61. Answers 1. D 2. 3. C 4. 5. B 6. A 7. 8. 9. C
10. D
11.
12.
13. A
14.
15.
16.
17. D
18. C
19. B
20.
21.
22. A
23.
24.
25. D