1. Power House Optimization (PHO)
Acquires realtime economic and performance data every 5 minutes.
Updates a realtime Energy Model for the Power House.
Determines the Optimal Loads for the Power Boilers and the Turbine-Generators.
Minimizes the Total Energy Cost for the Power House.
Provides Advisory, Supervisory, and Direct Control Modes, and What-If Analysis.
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2. Power House Optimization (PHO)
realtime energy demands
realtime performance data
realtime fuel cost data
realtime utility energy cost data
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3. Power House Optimization (PHO)
Update Energy Model
Set Fixed Constraints
Predict Variable Constraints
Calculate Energy Cost
(boiler, TG, PRV steam loads)
Linear Optimization / Programming
(Simplex Method)
Analyze LP Solution for
Variable Constraints
Revise Predicted Constraints ?
yes no
Output Advisory, Supervisory,
Direct Control Loads
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4. Boiler Performance Analysis and Load Allocation
Realtime Power Boiler Fuel Cost Performance Analysis is critical in order to minimize the total energy cost for the Power House.
The top window shows how PHO allocates the load to
the power boilers. No.4 Boiler is slightly more efficient
and picks up the load first.
The bottom windows are fuel consumption and cost curves. These curves are updated in realtime, using a
multi-fuel combustion efficiency analysis.
Fuel delivery and quality changes, and the boiler constraints will significantly shift these curves.
These curves must represent achievable performance values in the optimization time interval.
In order to achieve this performance, the boiler control system needs feedforward load allocation to certain loops.
The optimal values are shown in white italic. The realtime values are color coded.
The ‘hoops’ are the optimal values. The ‘balls’ are the realtime values.
The objective is to put the ‘balls’ in the ‘hoops’.
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5. Turbine-Generator Load Allocation
PHO determines the optimal load values based on the realtime price of power, and the realtime cost of fuel for
the power boilers, and all the operating constraints.
The optimal values are shown in white.
The realtime values are shown in red.
Steam Flow Exchange Modes
Each site will have a group of flows (modes) which must be continuously ‘exchanged’ in order to achieve the minimum energy cost of operation.
For example , the MP extraction and the condensing flows must be ‘exchanged’. The PRV flows must be ‘exchanged’ with corresponding Turbine Extraction Flows.
The understanding of these steam flow exchange modes
is very useful to operating personnel.
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6. Turbine-Generator Load Allocation – Spreadsheet Trend
Trending of operating data and optimal PHO values is also available in a spreadsheet format.
The optimal values are shown in the white rows.
The actual values (if not optimal) are shown in the red rows.
Red rows indicate that adjustments to flows are required.
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7. Power Boiler Load Allocation Guide Display
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8. Power House Optimization: Energy Model - Overview Trends
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9. Power House Energy Model – Comprehensive Constraints
The Energy Model for the Power House includes all the operating constraints.
All these constraints are included in the optimization.
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10. PHO Energy Model: Turbine-Generator
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11. PHO Energy Model: Pressure Reducing Valves
The turbine extraction steam temperatures
and pressures can shift from the expected process demand conditions.
In order to achieve the correct optimal steam loads and the minimum energy costs for the power house, the Energy Model for the Pressure Reducing Valves (desuperheating steam flow fraction) must be determined as follows,
fMPRVds = MPRV desuperheating fractional flow
= (hHP - hMP) / (hHP - hFW)
fLPRVds = LPRV desuperheating fractional flow
= (hMP - hLP) / (hMP - hFW)
where,
hHP = enthalpy of the HP steam header
hMP = enthalpy of the MP steam header
hLP = enthalpy of the LP steam header
hFW = enthalpy of the feedwater
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12. Realtime Pricing, Analysis, and Forecasting
Fourier Analysis of Realtime Energy Pricing.
(15 minute, 1 hour, 4 hour, 24 hour, weekly, and monthly time periods)
15 minute look ahead and prediction of Utility Energy Pricing.
Strategic Management of the Utility Maximum Purchase Power Constraint/Contract.
Steam Headers Pressure Target Management.
Strategic Management of the Power Boiler Stored Energy.
Process Steam and Power Demand Prediction and Management.
Energy Production Coordination (EPC).
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13. Power House Optimization – What-If Analysis Mode
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14. Power House Optimization – Completely Configurable
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