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3RD DECLENSION There are a large number of possible endings for the nominative/vocative singular. Notice that in some nouns the nominative singular is identical with the genitive singular (e.g. cīvis, cīvis m.f., iuvenis, iuvenis m.f.)
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SINGULAR (MASC./FEM.) Nominative Accusative Genitive Dative Ablative
VARIOUS subject Accusative em object Genitive is of _____ Dative ī to/for ______ Ablative e (may be either - ī by/with/from _________ or –e if nom. and gen. sing. are the same, as in cīvis and iuvenis)
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PLURAL (MASC/FEM Nominative Accusative Genitive Dative Ablative
ē s subject Accusative ēs [also –īs if the object Gen. plural is –ium] Genitive (i)um of _____ Dative ibus to/for ______ Ablative ibus by/with/from _________
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GENITIVE PLURAL Normally –ium is used if the noun is non-increasing (i.e. has the same number of syllables in the nominative singular and the other cases, as with cīvis, cīvis m/f) or if the nominative singular is a single syllable ending in two consonants (e.g. urbs, urbis f, city. However, there are a few non-increasing nouns which have just –um, including words for family members (pater, māter, frāter) and iuvenis.
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MASCULINE AND FEMININE NOUNS (LEVEL 2)
cīvis,cīvis m./f. citizen iuvenis, iuvenis m./f. young person mīles, mīlitis m. soldier mōns, montis m. mountain mors, mortis f. death mulier, mulieris f. woman nāvis, nāvis f. ship senex, senis m. old man soror, sorōris f. sister urbs, urbis f. city uxor, uxōris f. wife virtūs, virtūtis f. virtue
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SINGULAR (NEUT) Nominative Accusative Genitive Dative Ablative
VARIOUS subject Accusative VARIOUS object Genitive is of _____ Dative ī to/for ______ Ablative e by/with/from _________ If the nominative singular ends in –e, -al or –ar (e.g. mare, maris n, sea), the ablative singular ends in - ī but there are no nouns like this in Level 2 CE
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PLURAL (NEUT) Nominative Accusative Genitive Dative Ablative
(i)a subject Accusative (i)a object Genitive (i)um of _____ Dative ibus to/for ______ Ablative ibus by/with/from _________ If the nominative singular ends in –e, -al or –ar (e.g. mare, maris n, sea, animal, animālis n, animal), the nom/acc plural ends in - ia and the gen. plural in –ium but there are no nouns like this in Level 2 CE
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NEUTER NOUNS (LEVEL 2) iter, itineris journey nōmen, nōminis name
vulnus, vulneris soldier
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tempestāte
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by/with/from storm
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mīlite
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by/with/from soldier
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ducem
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leader (obj)
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coniugibus
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to/for spouses by/with/from spouses
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mīles
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soldier (subj)
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nōminibus
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to/for names by/with/from names
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uxōrī
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to/for wife
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patrem
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father (obj)
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nāvīs
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ships (obj)
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nāvis
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ship (subj) of ship
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mōns
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mountain (subj)
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mulierum
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of women
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nāvēs
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ships (subj or obj)
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senī
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to/for old man
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sorōrēs
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sisters (subj or obj)
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iuvenem
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young man (obj)
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senēs
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old men (subj or obj)
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mortibus
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to/for deaths by/with/from deaths
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uxor
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wife (subj)
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monte
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by/with/from mountain
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cīvēs
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citizens (subj or obj)
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mīlitēs
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soldiers (subj or obj)
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virtūtem
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virtue (obj)
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senum
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of old men
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nāvibus
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to/for ships by/with ships
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montem
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mountain (obj)
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muliere
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by/with/from woman
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sorōrem
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sister (obj)
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iter
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journey (subj or obj)
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nōmen
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name (subj or obj)
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vulnus
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wound (subj or obj)
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sorōrī
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for/to sister
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uxōrēs
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wives (subj or obj)
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patris
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of father
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mortis
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of death
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urbem
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city (obj)
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patre
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by/with/from father
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itinera
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journeys (subj or obj)
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vulneribus
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to/for wounds by/with/from wounds
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pater
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father (subj)
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cīvium
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of citizens
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virtūtibus
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to/for virtues by/with virtues
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senex
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old man (subj)
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mortium
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of deaths
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iuvenī
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to/for young person by/with/from young person
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cīvis
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citizen (subj) of citizen
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nōminum
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of names
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iuvenis
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of young man young man (subj)
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uxor
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wife (subj)
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uxōrem
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wife (obj)
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sorōrum
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of sisters
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