1. Warm Up: 1-17-17 How many different rock types are in this photo?
How would you describe what a rock is or where they come from?

2. Today Look over the rocks in the bin.
As a group come up with a single definition to describe what a rock is and where rocks come from?
As a group, categorize your rocks into at least 4 different categories (ex: color, size).
Describe the characteristics of each group on your paper.

3. What is a rock?
A substance that is naturally occurring, solid, and is made up of minerals
How is a rock different from a mineral?
Rocks are made from minerals

4. Elements Minerals Rocks

5. Why do we study rocks? A story about earth’s history
Rocks tell us:
A story about earth’s history
Tell us about pre- historic life (Dinosaurs)
The earth is constantly moving, shifting, and changing

6. Rocks and the Rock Cycle

7. Rock Classification Conglomerate Sedimentary Rock
Rocks are classified by:
How they form
Texture
Grain size
Mineral composition
Conglomerate Sedimentary Rock

8. Igneous Rocks
Igneous rock: forms when molten rock (magma) cools and hardens
Classified by:
Where they form
Crystal (grain) size
Basalt

9. Intrusive Igneous Rock
Intrusive igneous: cooling takes place slowly beneath Earth’s surface
granite

10. Extrusive Igneous Rock
Extrusive igneous: cooling takes place rapidly on Earth’s surface
Pumice

11. Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary rock: forms from the compaction and/or cementation of sediments
This process is called lithification
Sediments are:
Rock pieces
Mineral grains
Shell fragments
Limestone

12. How do sediments form?
weathering
Sediments form through the processes of weathering and erosion of rocks exposed at Earth’s surface
erosion

13. Sedimentary Rock con’t….
Sedimentary rock can also form from the chemical depositing of materials that were once dissolved in water
When water evaporates, minerals are left behind and form rock
gypsum

14. Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic rock: forms when any rock type is changed into a different kind of rock
Changes due to great heat and/or pressure
Gneiss

15. How does rock change?
Rocks are heated, squeezed, folded, or chemically changed by contact with hot fluids
marble

16. The Rock Cycle

17. The Earth Recycles Rock
The rock cycle is an ongoing series of processes inside Earth and on the surface
Slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
Any type of rock can change into another type

18. How does this relate to plate tectonics?
Plate movement drives the rock cycle
Subduction (1 plate pushed under another plate)
Re-melts rock into magma
Mountain building
Folding, faulting, uplift
Exposes rock at the surface to be weathered and eroded

24. Cementation and compaction (lithification)
Heat and pressure
Weathering, transportation(erosion), and deposition
Cooling and solidification
Melting

25. Rocks/Rock Cycle Foldable
Your foldable should include the following:
Name of each rock type
How each rock type formed
A brief description of rock type
At least 2 examples of each rock type
Illustrate 1 example for each rock type

26. Copy Me

27. Do Now – Tuesday March 11
In Textbook:
Complete
pg. 107 #1-8

28. Do Now – Thursday March 4 Rock Texture Composition Comments
Conglomerate
Coarse,
2mm
Rounded pebbles
Rounded pebbles, sand and clay can easily be seen
Sandstone
Medium,
.0625 – 2 mm
Quartz, other minerals and rock fragments
Sand grains can be seen; rough surfaces
Shale
Microscopic, mm
Clays, micas
Has muddy appearance
Limestone
Coarse to fine
Calcite, shells
May contain fossils, seashells; fizzes when in hydrochloric acid
Chert
Fine
Quartz
Is light-colored; also called flint; once used for arrowheads
Rock salt
Halite
Has salty taste;
table salt
Limestone is composed of the mineral
A.               quartz
B.              calcite
C.              halite
D.              gypsum
Based on the information given about each of these rocks, into which rock type would all these examples be classified?
A.               Igneous
B.              Metamorphic
C.              Sedimentary
D.              Mineral

29. Approximate Hardness of Common Objects
Moh's
Hardness Scale
Approximate Hardness of Common Objects
Talc
Gypsum 1 2
Fingernail (2.5)
Calcite 3
Copper penny (3.5)
Fluorite 4
Iron nail (4.5)
Apatite 5
Glass (5.5)
Feldspar 6
Steel file (6.5)
Quartz
Topaz 7
Streak plate (7.0) 8
Corundum 9
Diamond 10
Which statement is best supported by the data shown?
An iron nail contains fluorite.
B. A streak plate is composed quartz.
C.  Topaz is harder than a steel file.
D. Apatite is softer than a copper penny.
Gypsum

30. Based on the processes shown in the diagram, which type of rock is formed at #1?
  A. Sedimentary
 B. Igneous
C. Metamorphic
D. Clastic
Because heat and pressure are needed to form #3, it must be what type of rock?
A.     Sedimentary
B.     Igneous
C.     Metamorphic
D.     Clastic