1. How do scientists solve problems?
Scientific Method
How do scientists solve problems?

2. Observations First step in scientific method Made using 5 senses
Two types:
Qualitative
Refers to quality; cannot be measured
The chairs are hard
The walls are white
Quantitative
Measurement
There are 31 chairs in this class

3. Problem What are you trying to solve? Can be a statement or a question
Example: Are there 31 chairs in other Biology classes?

4. Form a Hypothesis
Prediction based on previous knowledge that can be tested
Often in If…., then… format
Need to be a testable solution to a problem
Example: If I count all the chairs in other Biology classes, then they will have 31 stools

5. Create an Experiment
All experiments should have a control and two variables
Control – Item results are compared with or something that does not change
Variables
Independent – what is altered or manipulated
Other classrooms
Dependent – what is observed and measured
Number of stools
All experiments should measure one variable at a time and should have a control or a group that remains constant

6. Record Results All data is recorded in a data table
All rows and columns must be labeled with headings and units
All data tables should have a title describing the data and its source
Remember you UNITS

7. Analyze Results Data is plotted in a graph All graphs need:
Title
Labels on X (independent) and Y axis (dependent)
Key
Pick the graph that best describes your data
Types of graphs:
Bar – counting objects
Line – change over time
Pie chart - percentages

8. Draw a conclusion
Draw a conclusion be reviewing the research and your data
This does not PROVE a hypothesis
You can not say “I proved….”
You can say “the data supports/did not support my hypothesis”
It does support a hypothesis
Many experiments over time can lead to a theory or law