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Parallel Session on Neutrinos
Very brief summary of the field: Strong evidence for two different neutrino oscillations Consistent picture emerging in terms of a MNSP matrix, analogous to the CKM matrix in the quark sector Questions/priorities: Improve the measurements of the atmospheric (D(m23)2, q23) and solar (D(m12)2, q12) mixing parameters Neutrino mass hierarchy: m1<m2<m3 or m3<m1<m2? Absolute neutrino mass scale? Fundamental nature of neutrinos: Dirac or Majorana? Measure the other MNSP parameters: q13, CP phase d LSND result? Beyond the beyond… Precision measurements of neutrino cross-sections MNSP matrix } neutrinoless bb decay
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D(m12)2, q12 5.3s appearance of nm,t in a ne beam
Sudbury Neutrino Observatory D2O Čerenkov Detector Solar 8B neutrinos Three signals: CC (charged current) D+nep+p+e- EC (elastic scattering) D+nxp+n+e- NC (neutral current) e-+nxe-+ nx 5.3s appearance of nm,t in a ne beam Full SSM (solar standard model) flux Talks by Neil McCauley, John Orrell
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D(m12)2, q12 KamLAND Liquid Scintillator Reactor ne
Inverse b-decay coincidence signal: ne+pe++n n+pD+g (2.2 MeV) Deficit in rate analysis: (Nobs–NBG)/Nno-osc = 0.611 (stat) (syst) “Standard” ne propagation ruled out at the 99.95% CL Rate+shape analysis sets additional constraints on mixing parameters Talk by Bruce Berger
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D(m12)2, q12 Solar mixing parameter summary
(two flavor mixing, CPT conserved) Before SNO 2002 With SNO 2002 LMA preferred KamLAND rate LMA confirmed KamLAND rate+shape Additional LMA constraints Solar mixing parameter summary (two flavor mixing, CPT conserved) Before SNO 2002 With SNO 2002 LMA preferred KamLAND rate LMA confirmed Solar mixing parameter summary (two flavor mixing, CPT conserved) Before SNO 2002 With SNO 2002 LMA preferred Solar mixing parameter summary (two flavor mixing, CPT conserved) Before SNO 2002
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D(m12)2, q12 Future: SNO: Dm2 sensitivity in day/night asymmetry
CC/NC ratio measures q12 (contours on plot) KamLAND: Dm2 measurement with more reactor data Sensitivity to q12 in reactor phase (without MSW) Solar phase measures q12 with 7Be Smirnov hep-ph/
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D(m23)2, q23 MINOS Accelerator neutrino experiment to
measure “atmospheric” neutrino oscillation iron/plastic scintillator, magnetic field nt appearance in nm beam near and far detectors to control systematics, backgrounds can check both nmnt and nmnt oscillations in atmospheric neutrinos can also search for subdominant nm-nt mixing construction and commissioning ongoing first beam late 2004 Talk by Hugh Gallagher
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Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay
If neutrinos are Majorana and not Dirac particles, double beta decay with no neutrinos is possible Rate is proportional to mbb, which depends on all neutrino masses and mixing angles (plus new Majorana phases!) mbb depends on hierarchy Null result doesn’t rule out Majorana n Other beyond SM possibilities… m2>0 m2<0 normal inverted Talk by Rabi Mohapatra
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Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay
Measurement issues: Tiny signal Backgrounds: 2nbb – good energy resolution radioactivity – very clean materials cosmogenic – work underground Nuclear matrix elements difficult to calculate
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0nbb by very different techniques
CUORE/Cuoricino 130Te, natural abundance 33.87%, 760 kg bolometric detector at 10 mK – 1 MeV DT=0.1mK 1 mV 2533 MeV endpoint, 6-8 keV resolution Curoricino now running – ~0.4 eV sensitivity in 1 year meV Majorana 76Ge, 85% enriched, 500 kg Germanium ionization detector – mature technology 2039 MeV endpoint, 3-4 keV resolution 20-70 meV EXO 136Xe, enriched, liquid Xe TPC extraction and identification of Ba daughter event by event 2479 MeV endpoint, 2.5% resolution 10’s of meV CUORE talk by Rick Norman Majorana talk by Albert Young EXO talk by Peter Rowson
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Reactor measurement of q13
Present Reactor Experiments Future Reactor q13 Experiment detector 1 detector 2 Diablo Canyon, CA • 2-3 detectors • Variable baseline • Independent of absolute flux Sensitivity down to sin2213 ~ Independent of CP phase d, sign of D(m23)3, matter effects Talk by Karsten Heeger
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Accelerator measurement of q13, d
MNSP Matrix: Probability of nmne depends on multiple MNSP parameters: q13 CP phase d matter effects Neutrino and antineutrino running give complementary measurements Different experiments also make complementary measurements e.g. JHF-SK, NuMI ~cosd ~sind sin22q13
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NuMI Off-axis neutrinos from MINOS beam – can run simultaneously
Narrow band 2 GeV beam nmne counting experiment 50 kton detector, high efficiency, good NC background rejection Both neutrino and antineutrino running Measurement of nmne, or 20 improvement over CHOOZ limit in 5 years Energy selected by distance off-axis Talk by Adam Para
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Ultra-long Baseline Experiment?
Basic parameters: BNL Homestake: 2450 km Wideband on-axis beam: 1-6 GeV High flux: upgrade AGS to 1MW 500 kT water Čerenkov detector (e.g. UNO) A wideband beam at long baseline gives oscillations vs. energy across the beam energy range dCP and sign of Dm2 change shape of observed oscillation, so they can be measured by fitting the shape of the spectrum sensitivity down to very low q12 Measure everything in one experiment Talk by Zohreh Parsa
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LSND Big question in neutrino oscillation physics: too many Dm2!
Oscillations or something else? Karmen MiniBooNE Through what mechanism? CPT violation sterile neutrinos
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LSND result from rare muon decay?
muon DAR neutrino beam -- 30m baseline nmne appearance result Karmen search for nmne appearance result set exclusion limit, report joint analysis searched for rare muon decays LSND result from rare muon decay? signal from LF-viol. + decay excluded by Karmen talk by K. Eitel
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MiniBooNE will address the LSND signal
nmne appearance search Confirm or rule out ne appearance to 5s -- results in 2005 results on nm disappearance expected this Fall cross sections and exotics results this Fall/Winter talk by T. Hart
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CPT violation in neutrino sector
mnmn LSND Atmospheric Solar KamLAND CPT talk by G. Barenboim
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Add one or more sterile neutrinos
do not interact weakly, but can oscillate with SM neutrinos 3+1 models Combine results from short baseline experiments reporting no oscillations NSBL: Bugey, CHOOZ, CCFR84, CDHS, Karmen Overlap with LSND region? 3+2 talk by M. Sorel
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Include two or more sterile neutrinos
3+2 models 3+2 talk by M. Sorel
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High precision detectors and high flux neutrino sources
neutrino scattering physics
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NetScan Data reconstruct vertex int.vtx + D0 decay vtx
New Charm production results from CHORUS NetScan Data reconstruct vertex int.vtx + D0 decay vtx Charm hadron production from nN DIS D0 production in nN CC interactions Phys. Lett. B 527 (2002) c+ production in nN CC interactions Phys. Lett. B 555 (2002) Semi-leptonic branching fraction of charm hadrons nN CC interactions Phys. Lett. B 549 (2002) 48-57 Analysis Ongoing! Quasi elastic c+ production Anti-neutrino charm production Associated charm production in both charged and neutral current Update of results with full statistics Chorus talk by M. Komatsu
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~1 GeV Neutrino Cross Sections little data at low energies
unfold nuclear effects cross sections important for osc. experiments as probes of other physics number of experiments coming online NC p0 channel talk by E. Hawker
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Upcoming measurements
~2-10 GeV Neutrino Cross Sections DIS cross sections Modeling the DIS to resonance region Upcoming measurements from MINerVA talk by A. Bodek Push towards generalized neutrino event generators NEUGEN NUANCE ..... talk by H. Gallagher Model features of neutrino scattering physics Fermi motion, nuclear effects, etc.
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FINeSE NC m n CC p high flux neutrino scattering experiment
m-ID n p m CC NC FINeSE high flux neutrino scattering experiment fully active, highly segmented detector Measure NC/CC ratio GAs(Q2=0) Ds strange spin of the proton precision neutrino cross sections nm disappearance with MiniBooNE stat errors only NC/CC ratio: (vs Q2) Ds = -0.1 Ds = 0.0 Ds = +0.1 proposal submission soon data taking ~2006 talk by M. Wascko
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At still lower energies:
Modeling of inelastic nN cross sections n-deuteron breakup reactions at SNO energies pp-fusion at threshold (SSM) Effective Field Theories n(n) scattering models to NNLO Fits and constraints: Reactor data SNO cross section measurements Helioseismology talk by M. Butler
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SNS2 Low energy neutrino cross section measurments at Spallation
Neutron Source Neutrino Energy Spectrum SNS with 1023 neutrinos per year from SNS study cross sections of interest to nuclear astrophysics and nuclear theory SuperNova neutrino interaction cross sections e Detector commissioning ~2008
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Fantastically interesting time for neutrino physics
Neutrino masses New results from KamLAND and SNO on solar neutrinos modeling these low energy neutrino cross sections Upcoming measurements at SNS2 Details of the MNSP matrix.....Is q13 small? CP violation? Neutrino-less Double Beta Decay Is the LSND signal due to oscillations? Through what mechanism? Rekindled interest in neutrino scattering physics neutrinos as probes -- Ds, nuclear effects, DIS to resonance region A lot more to see at CIPANP 2006!
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It’s over – go home.
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high precision detection devices have allowed for
new high precision mmnts. -- CHORUS this combined with high neutrino fluxes have Rekindled interest in neutrino scattering physics at lower energies FINeSE and MINerVA lots of osc and xsec expts have pushed us towards generalized cross section monte carlos and cross section models(Eric, hugh's and aries work) then need to understand cross sections at lower energy too because of theory -- new facilites at SNS will allow for these measurements.
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High precision neutrino detection -- new measurements
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mixing between all three active flavors
MNSP matrix mixing between all three active flavors ne nm nt n1 n2 n3 Ue1 Ue2 Ue3 Um1 Um2 Um3 Ut1 Ut2 Ut3 = three mixing angles possible CP Violating phase, in Ue3 CP + matter, m2 <0 matter effects modify this! Far off-axis long baseline experiments look for CP violation in neutrino sector Posc() m2>0 m2<0 CP CP + matter, m2 >0 Posc()
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LSND? LSND reported nm ne signal KARMEN no evidence of this signal
MiniBooNE accelerator experiment that can definitively confirm or rule out LSND now running (8.5% of target luminosity) nm disappearance results this fall ne appearance results in 2005 The three different Dm’s cannot be consistent with three-neutrino mixing If MiniBooNE confirms LSND, then things get very interesting… KARMEN talk by Klaus Eitel MiniBooNe talk by Terry Hart
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