1. RATES OF WEATHERING Factors of Rates of Weathering
1. Parent Material (The rocks themselves) - Igneous and metamorphic most resistant, sedimentary least resistant because of pores.
2. Surface Area
3. Climate - Warm and wet = chemical weathering
Cold and Dry = mechanical weathering

2. EROSION
EROSION - The breakup and removal of rock by moving natural agents (rivers, glaciers, wind, water)

3. Mass Movements
General term used for rock fragments moving down a slope
What is causing this erosion to occur?
Can happen either fast or slow.

4. Talus Slopes - Large piles of rock that break off and pile up at the bottom of a hill

6. Landslides Sudden movement of masses of loose rocks. Triggered by:
Earthquakes
Rainfall
Thaws
Volcanoes

8. Mudflow - Fast movement of large masses of mud.
Occur in dry, mountainous regions during fast, heavy rainfalls or volcanic eruptions

10. Rockfall - Rocks falling from a steep cliff
Rockfall - Rocks falling from a steep cliff. This is the most rapid type of mass movement.

13. Creep - very slow down hill movement of weathered rock material.
Usually goes unnoticed unless it hits a building or something.
Creeps can include rocks, plants, buildings, etc.

14. SOILS Soils - soil science = PEDOLOGY
Most important result of weathering and erosion is soil
Two general classes of soil: A. residual soil - soil made from local bedrock B. Transport soil - soil that was moved by wind, or glacier

15. Factors determining soil makeup and Formation
1. Climate - Rainfall amount and temperature (most important)
2. Parent Rock - Type and chemical composition
3. Vegetation - Roots and Leaves
4. Topography - hilliness, etc.
5. Time - how long to develop