1. III The American Revolution

2. III The American Revolution
How the Colonies Learned Self-Government

3. III The American Revolution
How the Colonies Learned Self-Government
a. The British colonies in North America were established to supply raw materials to Britain and to be a market for British goods.

4. III The American Revolution
How the Colonies Learned Self-Government
a. The British colonies in North America were established to supply raw materials to Britain and to be a market for British goods.
b. For decades, the colonists – who had formed 13 legislatures – had operated with little British influence. There were also county and local governments.

5. III The American Revolution

6. III The American Revolution
Pause for questions:

7. III The American Revolution
Pause for questions:
Why would creating a legislature encourage a feeling of independence from Britain?

8. III The American Revolution
Pause for questions:
Why would creating a legislature encourage a feeling of independence from Britain?
Who would have chosen the members of each colony’s legislature, and why would the way they were chosen be important?

9. III The American Revolution

10. III The American Revolution
British and French Rivalry in North America

11. III The American Revolution
British and French Rivalry in North America
a. The French colonies in North America (Canada and Louisiana) were thinly populated trading outposts.

12. III The American Revolution
British and French Rivalry in North America
a. The French colonies in North America (Canada and Louisiana) were thinly populated trading outposts.
b. French settlers would not move into North America.

13. III The American Revolution
British and French Rivalry in North America
a. The French colonies in North America (Canada and Louisiana) were thinly populated trading outposts.
b. French settlers would not move into North America.
c. The British colonies were thickly populated with about 1.5 million people by They were quite prosperous.

14. III The American Revolution
British and French Rivalry in North America
a. The French colonies in North America (Canada and Louisiana) were thinly populated trading outposts.
b. French settlers would not move into North America.
c. The British colonies were thickly populated with about 1.5 million people by They were quite prosperous.
d. A war broke out between Britain and France called the Seven Years War. ( )

15. III The American Revolution

16. III The American Revolution
e. In America it was called the French- Indian wars.

17. III The American Revolution
e. In America it was called the French- Indian wars.
f. The British and French fought for control of North America, especially the Ohio River valley.

18. III The American Revolution
e. In America it was called the French- Indian wars.
f. The British and French fought for control of North America, especially the Ohio River valley.
g. The French tried to establish forts in this valley to keep the British settlers from expanding into new territory.

19. III The American Revolution
e. In America it was called the French- Indian wars.
f. The British and French fought for control of North America, especially the Ohio River valley.
g. The French tried to establish forts in this valley to keep the British settlers from expanding into new territory.
h. Native Americans allied with the French because the French were viewed as traders, not settlers

20. III The American Revolution

21. III The American Revolution
i. The French were winning, but then William Pitt, the British Prime Minister, sent more troops. He also sent in the British Navy which defeated the smaller, weaker French Fleet.

22. III The American Revolution
i. The French were winning, but then William Pitt, the British Prime Minister, sent more troops. He also sent in the British Navy which defeated the smaller, weaker French Fleet.
j. The British soon scored a series of land victories around the Great Lakes and the Ohio River.

23. III The American Revolution
i. The French were winning, but then William Pitt, the British Prime Minister, sent more troops. He also sent in the British Navy which defeated the smaller, weaker French Fleet.
j. The British soon scored a series of land victories around the Great Lakes and the Ohio River.
k. The French made peace. The Treaty of Paris gave Canada & all lands east of the Mississippi to Britain. Spain, Britain’s ally, got Louisiana and Florida.

24. III The American Revolution
i. The French were winning, but then William Pitt, the British Prime Minister, sent more troops. He also sent in the British Navy which defeated the smaller, weaker French Fleet.
j. The British soon scored a series of land victories around the Great Lakes and the Ohio River.
k. The French made peace. The Treaty of Paris gave Canada & all lands east of the Mississippi to Britain. Spain, Britain’s ally, got Louisiana and Florida.
l. By 1763, Britain was the world’s greatest colonial power.

25. III The American Revolution

26. III The American Revolution
m. After the Seven Year’s War, Britain needed more revenue from the colonies.

27. III The American Revolution
m. After the Seven Year’s War, Britain needed more revenue from the colonies.
n. In 1765 Parliament imposed the Stamp Act. All printed material such as legal documents and newspapers had to carry a government stamp to show that a tax had been paid to Britain.

28. III The American Revolution
m. After the Seven Year’s War, Britain needed more revenue from the colonies.
n. In 1765 Parliament imposed the Stamp Act. All printed material such as legal documents and newspapers had to carry a government stamp to show that a tax had been paid to Britain.
o. After strong opposition by the colonists, the act was repealed in 1766.

29. III The American Revolution
m. After the Seven Year’s War, Britain needed more revenue from the colonies.
n. In 1765 Parliament imposed the Stamp Act. All printed material such as legal documents and newspapers had to carry a government stamp to show that a tax had been paid to Britain.
o. After strong opposition by the colonists, the act was repealed in 1766.
The American Revolution

30. III The American Revolution
m. After the Seven Year’s War, Britain needed more revenue from the colonies.
n. In 1765 Parliament imposed the Stamp Act. All printed material such as legal documents and newspapers had to carry a government stamp to show that a tax had been paid to Britain.
o. After strong opposition by the colonists, the act was repealed in 1766.
The American Revolution
a. Before the Stamp Act, tensions were growing between Great Britain and the colonies.

31. III The American Revolution

32. III The American Revolution
b. Most of these tensions were over trade restrictions imposed by Britain.

33. III The American Revolution
b. Most of these tensions were over trade restrictions imposed by Britain.
c. Britain passed the Declaratory Act the same day they repealed the Stamp Act. This act said Parliament could make whatever tax it wanted without input from the colonial legislatures.

34. III The American Revolution
b. Most of these tensions were over trade restrictions imposed by Britain.
c. Britain passed the Declaratory Act the same day they repealed the Stamp Act. This act said Parliament could make whatever tax it wanted without input from the colonial legislatures.
d. The colonists were outraged, and the slogan, “No taxation without representation” became a rallying cry against the British

35. III The American Revolution
b. Most of these tensions were over trade restrictions imposed by Britain.
c. Britain passed the Declaratory Act the same day they repealed the Stamp Act. This act said Parliament could make whatever tax it wanted without input from the colonial legislatures.
d. The colonists were outraged, and the slogan, “No taxation without representation” became a rallying cry against the British
e. Several new taxes were imposed, the biggest being the Tea Act of 1773.

36. III The American Revolution

37. III The American Revolution
f. The Tea Act so angered the colonists that they boarded a British ship and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston harbor. This was the Boston Tea Party.

38. III The American Revolution
f. The Tea Act so angered the colonists that they boarded a British ship and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston harbor. This was the Boston Tea Party.
1. The Colonists Unite in Protest

39. III The American Revolution
f. The Tea Act so angered the colonists that they boarded a British ship and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston harbor. This was the Boston Tea Party.
1. The Colonists Unite in Protest
a. King George III punished the Massachusetts colony with the Coercive Acts – called the Intolerable Acts by the colonists.

40. III The American Revolution
f. The Tea Act so angered the colonists that they boarded a British ship and dumped 342 chests of tea into Boston harbor. This was the Boston Tea Party.
1. The Colonists Unite in Protest
a. King George III punished the Massachusetts colony with the Coercive Acts – called the Intolerable Acts by the colonists.
b. The acts violated the traditional English rights to a trial by jury and forced colonists to quarter British troops in their homes.

41. III The American Revolution

42. III The American Revolution
c. The First Continental Congress was held in 1774 to discuss the situation with Britain.

43. III The American Revolution
c. The First Continental Congress was held in 1774 to discuss the situation with Britain.
d. It was at this meeting that the American identity began to be forged.

44. III The American Revolution
c. The First Continental Congress was held in 1774 to discuss the situation with Britain.
d. It was at this meeting that the American identity began to be forged.
e. A petition was sent to King George and Parliament requesting repeal of the Intolerable acts and a reaffirmation of the colonists rights.

45. III The American Revolution
c. The First Continental Congress was held in 1774 to discuss the situation with Britain.
d. It was at this meeting that the American identity began to be forged.
e. A petition was sent to King George and Parliament requesting repeal of the Intolerable acts and a reaffirmation of the colonists rights.
f. The petition was ignored.

46. III The American Revolution
c. The First Continental Congress was held in 1774 to discuss the situation with Britain.
d. It was at this meeting that the American identity began to be forged.
e. A petition was sent to King George and Parliament requesting repeal of the Intolerable acts and a reaffirmation of the colonists rights.
f. The petition was ignored.
g. Fighting broke out between colonists and British forces at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts in 1775.

47. III The American Revolution

48. III The American Revolution
2. The Second Continental Congress

49. III The American Revolution
2. The Second Continental Congress
a. At the Second Continental Congress in May of 1775, a Continental Army, commanded by George Washington, was organized.

50. III The American Revolution
2. The Second Continental Congress
a. At the Second Continental Congress in May of 1775, a Continental Army, commanded by George Washington, was organized.
b. In July, 1775 Congress sent the Olive Branch Petition to King George III in an attempt to negotiate for peace and their rights as English citizens.

51. III The American Revolution
2. The Second Continental Congress
a. At the Second Continental Congress in May of 1775, a Continental Army, commanded by George Washington, was organized.
b. In July, 1775 Congress sent the Olive Branch Petition to King George III in an attempt to negotiate for peace and their rights as English citizens.
c. King George responded by sending troops to suppress the colonial rebellion.

52. The Fight is ON!

53. III The American Revolution
d. Loyalist colonists wanted to remain loyal to the king. Patriots began calling for independence.

54. III The American Revolution
d. Loyalist colonists wanted to remain loyal to the king. Patriots began calling for independence.
e. A pamphlet called Common Sense, by Thomas Paine, began circulating.

55. III The American Revolution
d. Loyalist colonists wanted to remain loyal to the king. Patriots began calling for independence.
e. A pamphlet called Common Sense, by Thomas Paine, began circulating.
f. He said King George & Parliament were acting like tyrants and only full independence from Britain would secure American rights.

56. III The American Revolution

57. III The American Revolution
The Birth of a New Nation

58. III The American Revolution
The Birth of a New Nation
a. On July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress approved a Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson.

59. III The American Revolution
The Birth of a New Nation
a. On July 4, 1774, the Second Continental Congress approved a Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson.
b. The Declaration declared the colonies to be “free and independent states absolved from all allegiance to the British crown.”

60. III The American Revolution
The Birth of a New Nation
a. On July 4, 1774, the Second Continental Congress approved a Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson.
b. The Declaration declared the colonies to be “free and independent states absolved from all allegiance to the British crown.”
c. The Continental Army and the colonies faced a formidable foe in the British, but they did have several advantages.

61. III The American Revolution

62. III The American Revolution
d. They had the home ground advantage. They were fighting for their freedom. And they had the support of the French.

63. III The American Revolution
d. They had the home ground advantage. They were fighting for their freedom. And they had the support of the French e. The war dragged on from 1776 to until a British army under General Cornwallis was forced to surrender at Yorktown, Virginia in 1781.

64. III The American Revolution
d. They had the home ground advantage. They were fighting for their freedom. And they had the support of the French e. The war dragged on from 1776 to until a British army under General Cornwallis was forced to surrender at Yorktown, Virginia in 1781.
f. The Treaty of Paris, signed in 1783, acknowledged an independent United States and granted Americans control of territory stretching to the Mississippi River.

65. III The American Revolution

66. III The American Revolution
Ruling a New Nation

67. III The American Revolution
Ruling a New Nation
a. The 13 former colonies were now states having created a new social contract.

68. III The American Revolution
Ruling a New Nation
a. The 13 former colonies were now states having created a new social contract.
b. They had little interest in forming a country with a strong central government.

69. III The American Revolution
Ruling a New Nation
a. The 13 former colonies were now states having created a new social contract.
b. They had little interest in forming a country with a strong central government.
c. Each state kept to its own affairs, using the weak Articles of Confederation they had written during the Revolution as a guide.

70. III The American Revolution
Ruling a New Nation
a. The 13 former colonies were now states having created a new social contract.
b. They had little interest in forming a country with a strong central government.
c. Each state kept to its own affairs, using the weak Articles of Confederation they had written during the Revolution as a guide.
d. Soon it was clear the government under the Articles lacked the power to deal with the new nation’s problems.

71. III The American Revolution

72. III The American Revolution
e. In 1787 delegates met to revise the Articles in what would be known as the Constitutional Convention.

73. III The American Revolution
e. In 1787 delegates met to revise the Articles in what would be known as the Constitutional Convention.
f. Realizing how weak the Articles were, they wrote a completely new Constitution for a new government.

74. III The American Revolution
e. In 1787 delegates met to revise the Articles in what would be known as the Constitutional Convention.
f. Realizing how weak the Articles were, they wrote a completely new Constitution for a new government.
g. The proposed Constitution created a federal system. In this system power is shared between the national and the state governments.

75. III The American Revolution
e. In 1787 delegates met to revise the Articles in what would be known as the Constitutional Convention.
f. Realizing how weak the Articles were, they wrote a completely new Constitution for a new government.
g. The proposed Constitution created a federal system. In this system power is shared between the national and the state governments.
h. The national (federal) government had several new powers.

76. III The American Revolution

77. III The American Revolution
i. levy taxes

78. III The American Revolution
i. levy taxes
ii. raise an army

79. III The American Revolution
i. levy taxes
ii. raise an army
iii. regulate trade

80. III The American Revolution
i. levy taxes
ii. raise an army
iii. regulate trade
iv. create a national currency

81. III The American Revolution
i. levy taxes
ii. raise an army
iii. regulate trade
iv. create a national currency
i. The federal government was divided into three branches with checks and balances between them.

82. III The American Revolution
i. levy taxes
ii. raise an army
iii. regulate trade
iv. create a national currency
i. The federal government was divided into three branches with checks and balances between them.
j. The Executive branch under the President had the power to execute laws, veto legislative acts, direct the military, run foreign affairs.

83. III The American Revolution

84. III The American Revolution
k. The Legislative branch, consisting of the senate (elected by state legislatures) and the House of Representatives, (elected by the people), wrote the law.

85. III The American Revolution
k. The Legislative branch, consisting of the senate (elected by state legislatures) and the House of Representatives, (elected by the people), wrote the law.
l. The Judicial branch, (The Supreme Court and other courts) judged the law and enforced the Constitution as the supreme law of the land.

86. III The American Revolution
k. The Legislative branch, consisting of the senate (elected by state legislatures) and the House of Representatives, (elected by the people), wrote the law.
l. The Judicial branch, (The Supreme Court and other courts) judged the law and enforced the Constitution as the supreme law of the land.
m. The 13 states adopted the Constitution after they were promised a Bill of Rights that would guarantee freedom of religion, speech, press, petition and assembly

87. III The American Revolution

88. III The American Revolution
n. The Bill of Rights (the 1st Ten Amendments) gave Americans the right to bear arms and to be protected from unreasonable search and seizures.

89. III The American Revolution
n. The Bill of Rights (the 1st Ten Amendments) gave Americans the right to bear arms and to be protected from unreasonable search and seizures.
o. They guaranteed a trial by jury, due process of law, and the protection of property rights.

90. III The American Revolution
n. The Bill of Rights (the 1st Ten Amendments) gave Americans the right to bear arms and to be protected from unreasonable search and seizures.
o. They guaranteed a trial by jury, due process of law, and the protection of property rights.
p. Many of these rights were derived from the natural rights proposed by the 18th century philosophes.

91. III The American Revolution
n. The Bill of Rights (the 1st Ten Amendments) gave Americans the right to bear arms and to be protected from unreasonable search and seizures.
o. They guaranteed a trial by jury, due process of law, and the protection of property rights.
p. Many of these rights were derived from the natural rights proposed by the 18th century philosophes.
q. The new American republic was a great inspiration to the French.

92. III The American Revolution

93. III The American Revolution
p. The French Revolution began in – The same year the American Bill of Rights was proposed.

94. III The American Revolution
p. The French Revolution began in – The same year the American Bill of Rights was proposed.
q. The American Revolution inspired events in 19th century Latin America and 20th century independence movements around the world.