1. PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
PRESENT TENSE
PRESENT SIMPLE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

2. USE PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
TEMPORARY STATES, EXCEPTION TO THE RULE ACTIONS
e.g. I am working for a software company this month.
2. AN ACTION, A PHENOMENON IN CHANGE
e.g. Pollution is growing bigger and bigger.
3. ACTIONS HAPPENING IN THE MOMENT OF SPEECH
e.g. Do you mind, I am talking on the phone now!
4. ARRANGED, PLANNED ACTIONS
e.g. I am meeting the director today.
1. PERMANENT STATES, ROUTINE ACTIONS e.g. He works in a software company. 2. GENERAL TRUTH e.g. The sun rises in the east. 3. TIMETABLES, HABITS e.g. We start work at 9 every day. !!!!ANNOYING HABIT→PRESENT CONTINUOUS e.g. You are always interrupting me. 4. SPORTS COMMENTS, INDICATIONS e.g. Hill passes the ball to Dawson. So, ladies, now you mix everything and beat hard.

3. STRUCTURE PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
The Infinitive form of the verb for most persons, with the exception of 3rd person singular. I work, you work, we work, they work. The Infinitive + -s for 3rd person singular He, she, it sleeps.
2 elements: auxiliary verb TO BE + verb + -ing I am working You are working He (she, it) is working We are working They are working

4. NEGATIVE FORM
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Auxiliary verb (DO, DOES) in the negative + verb I don’t (do not) work. He (she, it) doesn’t (does not) sleep.
Negative form of the auxiliary verb TO BE+ verb + -ing I am not working. She isn’t (is not) sleeping. They aren’t (are not) working.

5. INTERROGATIVE FORM
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Auxiliary verb (DO, DOES) + Subject + verb Do you work? Does he sleep?
Auxiliary verb TO BE + Subject + verb+ -ing Are you working today? Is she still sleeping ?

6. SPECIFIC ADVERBS
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
ALWAYS USUALLY EVERY DAY EVERY WEEK / MONTH / YEAR ON MONDAYS / TUESDAYS… IN THE MORNING / EVENING… REGULARLY OFTEN SELDOM
NOW AT THE MOMENT THESE DAYS AT PRESENT NOWADAYS STILL JUST THESE DAYS / MONTH…

7. GENERAL RULES SPELLING RULES
PRESENT SIMPLE: ADDING –S (3rd person singular)
verb + -s : set – sets, get – gets, drop – drops, eat - eats
verbs ending in ss, sh, ch, x, o + -es : guess – guesses, blush – blushes, scratch – scratches, fix - fixes, go – goes
verbs ending in vowel + y + -s : say – says, play - plays
verbs ending in consonant + y + -ies : try – tries, cry – cries, fry – fries
PRESENT CONTINUOUS : ADDING -ING
verb + -ing : draw – drawing
verb ending in –ie turns the ending into y + -ing : die – dying, lie – lying
verb ending in -e drops the vowel and adds -ing : make – making, dive – diving
verb ending in a stressed vowel + consonant doubles the consonant: put – putting, sit – sitting, cut - cutting

8. GENERAL RULES
2. OTHER GRAMMAR RULES PRESENT SIMPLE: NEGATIVE FORM, 3RD PERSON SINGULAR: NO –S FOR THE VERB IN THE NEGATIVE, BECAUSE OF DOESN’T e.g. She doesn’t wakes up at 7. → She doesn’t wake up at 7. PRESENT SIMPLE: INTERROGATIVE FORM, 3RD PERSON SINGULAR: NO –S FOR THE VERB IN THE INTERROGATIVE, BECAUSE OF DOES e.g. Does she wakes up at 7? → Does she wake up at 7? PRESENT CONTINUOUS: ALWAYS EXPRESS IT WITH 2 ELEMENTS e.g. I working from 8 today, instead of 9. → I am working from 8 today, instead of 9.