1. Module 1
Introduction to PHP
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2. PHP References General: Download, documentation Documentation: manual
Documentation: manual
PHP.net tutorial
W3schools tutorial
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3. PHP functions Documented PHP functions
You can create your own functions too
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4. Objectives
What is PHP?
How does a PHP script work with a Web Browser and a Web Server?
What software and components you need to get started with PHP?
To create and run a simple PHP script
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5. What Is PHP? PHP, PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
Server-side scripting languages for creating dynamic web pages
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6. PHP advantages Advantages of Using PHP to enhance Web pages:
Easy to use
Simpler than Perl
Open source
Multiple platform.
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7. How PHP Pages are Accessed and Interpreted
Client: Web browser Web server
1.Form submitted with a submit button
 Action sends a request to the php file in server
3. Receive the request, find the file,
and read it
4. Execute the PHP commands
5. Send the results back
6. ---- results returned as HTML file
7. Web browser renders the HTML file, displaying the results
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8. Getting Started with PHP
To develop and publish PHP scripts you need:
A client machine with a basic text editor and Internet connection
Prepare a text file with .php extension
FTP or Telnet software
Upload the file.php to the server
A Web server with PHP built into it
Process the file.php
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9. WHH Note
This means that a browser e.g. IE or Firefox on the client computer will not recognize or render a file with extension .php
How do you check your PHP script before submission to server?
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10. Getting Started with PHP
Set up development computer as a server
Laptop contains a server and a browser environment
Laptop is also set up as a Web server - WAMPserver
Windows Apache, MySQL, PHP
Client machine: PC, XP, editors, browsers
Internet connection not needed
Use copy and paste to transfer the scripts
For class demos:
localhost or or cs346 server
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11. Exploring the Basic PHP Development Process
The basic steps you can use to develop and publish PHP pages are:
1. Create a PHP script file and save it to a local disk
Test on localhost until satisfied
2. Use FTP to copy the file to the server
3. Access your file via URL on server using a browser
IE, Netscape, Opera, etc.
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12. Check PHP installation
Create a simple PHP script, called phpinfo.php
The PHP script starts with a <?php tag and ends with ?>
Between these tags is a single PHP statement: phpinfo();
Copy the file to a directory of local server
For WAMP: wamp/www
Access the file with a browser
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14. Checking the server set up
Upload the phpinfo.php to cs346 server
E.g. to huen/m00
Click on the link
Check the various environments:
Apache
MySQL
PHP functions
variables
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16. Creating a PHP Script File
Create PHP script welcome.php
Starts with a <?php tag and ends with ?>
Between these tags is a single PHP print statement
Copy the file to C:\wamp\www
Access the file with
Demo on localhost
Demo on cs346 server
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17. Similarly for other PHP scripts
Upload welcome.php to huen/m00
Click on
<?PHP
/* welcome.php */
print ("<h1 style=\"color: blue;\">Welcome to PHP, CS346 class!</h1>");
/* Note the combination of html tags and css */
?>
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18. Note the effect of CSS
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19. Alternative PHP Delimiters
You can alternatively start your PHP scripts with the <script> tag as follows:
<script language="PHP">
print ("A simple initial script");
</script>
If short_open_tag enabled in its configuration file (php.ini), you can use <? and ?>.
If asp_tags is enabled in the PHP configuration file, you can use <% and %> as delimiters.
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20. Proper Syntax
If you have a syntax error then you have written one or more PHP statements that are grammatically incorrect in the PHP language.
The print statement syntax:
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21. If syntax is wrong <?php print ( "Welcome to PHP, CS346 class!);
?>
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22. A Little About PHP's Syntax
Some PHP Syntax Issues:
Be careful to use quotation marks, parentheses, and brackets in pairs.
Most PHP commands end with a semicolon (;).
Be careful of case.
PHP ignores blank spaces.
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23. Embedding PHP Statements Within HTML Documents
One way to use PHP is to embed PHP scripts within HTML tags in an HTML document.
Save the file first with extension html
Validate the html file
Change the extension to php
Access the script by URL on server
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24. <html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head>
<title>HTML With PHP Embedded </title>
</head>
<body>
<p style = "font-family:sans-serif; font-size:36; color:yellow; background-color:green">
Welcome To My Page!
<?PHP
print ("<br /> Using PHP is not hard!");
?>
<br /> and you can learn it quickly!</p>
</body>
</html>
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25. When embedded1.php is accessed
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26. Using Backslash (\) to Generate HTML Tags with print()
Sometimes you want to output an HTML tag that also requires double quotation marks.
Use the backslash (“\”) character to signal that the double quotation marks themselves should be output: print ("<font color=\"blue\">");
The above statement would output:
<font color="blue">
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27. Using Comments with PHP Scripts
Comments enable you to include descriptive text along with the PHP script.
Comment lines are ignored when the script runs; they do not slow down the run-time.
Comments have two common uses.
Describe the overall script purpose.
Describe particularly tricky script lines.
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28. Using Comments with PHP Scripts
Comment Syntax - Use // standalone
<?php
// This is a comment
?>
Can be placed on Same line as a statement:
print ("A simple initial script"); //Output a line
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29. Example Script with Comments
1. <html> <head>
2. <title> Generating HTML From PHP</title> </head>
3. <body> <h1> Generating HTML From PHP</h1>
4. <?php
5. //
6. // Example script to output HTML tags
7. //
8. print ("Using PHP has <i>some advantages:</i>");
9. print ("<ul><li>Speed</li><li>Ease of use</li>
<li>Functionality</li></ul>"); //Output bullet list
10. print ("</body></html>");
11. ?>
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30. Alternative Comment Syntax
PHP allows a couple of additional ways to create comments.
<?php
phpinfo(); # This is a built-in function
?>
Multiple line comments. /*
A script that gets information about the
PHP version being used. */
<? phpinfo(); ?>
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31. Summary HTML pages are static and cannot interact with users
PHP is a free, open source technology that enables documents to generate dynamic content
PHP script has the extension of .php
PHP script may be standalone or
Can be embedded in an HTML document
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32. Summary Resources needed for development: Web server with built-in PHP
a client machine with a basic text editor, browser, and internet connections
FTP or Telnet software to send the script to the server
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33. Summary PHP script process: Comments can be proceeded with
write the PHP script file
copy the script file to the Web server
access the file with a Web browser
Comments can be proceeded with
two forward slashes (//)
or #
or enclosed in /* and */
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