1. October 5th To DO: 1. Grab paper from the blue podium 2
October 5th To DO: 1. Grab paper from the blue podium 2. Grab your notebook 3. Write the following question in your notebook:
Question #1:
How did the Waring States period affect the policies and structure of the Qin Dynasty?

2. Waring states period: Era in history right before the Qin Dynasty
Period where many different kingdoms are in constant warfare for power & territory
Qin  comes out as winner

3. Timeline of Chinese Dynasties:
Song Dynasty
16 Kingdoms
Han Dynasty
Northern Song
Southern Song
Five Dynasties & Ten Kingdoms
Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Xin
Three Kingdoms Period
Jin
Xia Dynasty
Shang Dynasty
Western Zhou
Western Han
Yuan Dynasty
Qin Dynasty
Eastern Han
Western Jin
Eastern Jin
Spring & Autumn Period
Warring States Period
Sui Dynasty
Western Xia
Ming Dynasty
Qing Dynasty Wu
Tang Dynasty
Southern & Northern Dynasties
Liao
Three Kingdom Dynasties: Shu, Wu, Wei
Southern & Norther Dynasties:
Southern: Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang, Chen
Norther: Northern Wei, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou
Five Dynasties & Ten Kingdoms:
Five Dynasties: Later Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, Later Zhou
10 Kingdoms: Wu, Wuyue, Min, Chu, Southern Han, Former, Shu, Jingnan, Southern Tang, Northern Han
2000 BCE
2000 CE
Ancient China
Imperial China
Modern
China
*Why are there different regional dynasties (ex. the 2 Zhous, Hans, Songs, Jins)
Dynasty had to move it’s capital and/or restore itself from a usurper
The W. Xia & 3rd Jin Dynasty has no relations with previous
*Why are there overlapping dynasties?
usurpers  Xin & Wu Dynasties
Ruling different region of China

4. Li Si (d. 208 BCE) & Han Fei (d. 233 BCE)
Legalist philosophers

5. Document: Han Feizi Legalist Philosophies Source: Selections From Han Feizi: “The Five Vermin”
“Hardly ten men of true integrity and good faith can be found today, and yet the offices of the state number in the hundreds. If they must be filled by men of integrity and good faith, then there will never be enough men to go around; and if the offices are left unfilled, then those whose business it is to govern will dwindle in numbers while disorderly men increase. Therefore the way of the enlightened ruler is to unify the laws instead of seeking for wise men, to lay down firm policies instead of longing for men of good faith. Hence his laws never fail him, and there is no felony or deceit among his officials. …” “To try to use the ways of a generous and lenient government to rule the people of a critical age is like trying to drive a runaway horse without using reins or whip. This is the misfortune that ignorance invites.” “The best rewards are those that are generous and predictable, so that the people may profit by them. The best penalties are those that are severe and inescapable, so that the people will fear them. The best laws are those that are uniform and inflexible, so that the people can understand them.”

6. Explanatory Notes Critical Commentary
Document: Han Fei Legalist Philosophies Source: Selections From Han Feizi: “The Five Vermin”
Integrity: good morals, doing good things even when no one is looking
Enlightened: having or showing great understanding of how people should be treated
Lenient: easy, the opposite of strict
State: government
What does Han Fei say the enlightened ruler should do?
Han Fei says that the ruler should make their own laws instead of getting advice from others. Most people are bad, lack integrity, so don’t hope for good people to help you. Rulers should depend on his laws above all.
What is Han Fei’s opinion of lenient government?
Han Fei thinks a lenient gov’t is like a horse without reins or whips – useless to control. He does not think a lenient gov’t is a very good one.
What does he say about rewards, penalties and laws?
Rewards – nice and predictable; Penalties – make people fear; Laws – uniform and inflexible (strict)
What information does this provide abut legalist philosophies?
From this info, I learned that legalist philosophies value strict laws & penalties. They don’t value a generous and lenient gov’  very weak/useless.
Why might Han Fei believe that legalist polices would be useful to Qin Shi Huang, especially after the Waring States period?
Han Fei believes that legalism as the most useful policy because it’s strict laws and penalties will prevent rebellion from across the empire.

7. Document: Memorial on the Burning of Books By Li Si
“In earlier times the empire disintegrated and fell into disorder, and no one was capable of unifying
 it. Thereupon the various feudal lords rose to power. In their discourses they
 all praised the past in order to disparage the present and embellished empty
words to confuse the truth. Everyone cherished his own favorite school of
 learning
 and criticized what had been instituted by the authorities. But at present Your Majesty
 possesses a unified empire, has regulated the distinctions of
black
and white, and has firmly
established for yourself
a position of
 sole supremacy.“
“Your servant suggests that all books in the imperial archives, save the memoirs of
 Qin, be burned. All persons in the empire, except members of
 the Academy
 of
 Learned Scholars, in possession of
 the Classic of Odes, the Classic of Documents, and discourses of the hundred philosophers should take them to the local governors and have them indiscriminately
burned. Those who dare to talk
to each other about the Odes and Documents should be executed and their bodies exposed in the marketplace. Anyone referring
to the past to criticize the present should, together with all members of
his family, be put to death.”

8. Define: Explanatory Notes Critical Commentary
Document: Memorial on the Burning
 of Books By 
Li Si

Define:
disparage
embellished
sole supremacy
When Li Si says “in earlier times” what period is he referring to?
What is the issue with different schools of learning?
What does Li Si mean when he says Qin Shi Hang has “regulated the distinctions of black and white”?
What allowed Qin Shi Huang to establish a position of sole supremacy?
Which books should be burned and which saved?
What should happen to those that speak against the government?
Why would a ruler want to burn books or suppress different schools of thought?
How could this be connected to the Waring States period?

9. Document: Textbook Source: Farah & Karls, world history: the human experience, (new york: glencoe mcgraw-hill, 2001).
Qin Shi Huang imposed a new order on China. He ended the power of the local lords by taking land from many of them and imposing a tax on landowners. He appointed educated men instead of nobles as officials to run his government. Qin even imposed censorship, clamping down on scholars who discussed books and ideas. In 213 B.C. he ordered all books burned except those about “practical” subjects like agriculture, medicine, and magic. In this way he hoped to break people’s ties to the past so they would not criticize the present. About 460 scholars resisted and were executed. Qin’s subjects saw him as a cruel tyrant who had lost the Mandate of Heaven. Nobles were angry because he had destroyed the aristocracy; scholars detested him for the burning of books; and peasants hated his forced-labor gangs. In 210 B.C. Qin died, and soon the dynasty itself came to an end. Even so, the rule of the Qin established foundations for the Chinese state that would last 2,000 years. In 207 B.C. Liu Bang overthrew the Qin. A military official from a peasant background, Liu defeated his most powerful rival in 202 B.C. and declared himself the emperor of a new dynasty, the Han. The Han governed China until A.D. 220, more than 400 years. The Han emperors used Qin forms of centralized power, but without the harshness of Qin rule.

10. Explanatory Notes
Critical Commentary
Document: Textbook -Farah & Karls, World History: The Human Experience
Summarize (write down the main ideas)
What reforms did Qin Shi Huang enact (create) during his reign (rule)?
According to this textbook, how did the Qin subjects react to his reforms?
Define:
Tyrant
Mandate of Heaven
Aristocracy
Evaluate and Analyze
What was the purpose of Qin Shi Hang’s policies?
Why would Qin Shi Hang create policies like this?
Where do you see the philosophy of legalism in Qin Shi Hang’s policies?

11. Synthesis
How did the Waring States period affect the policies and structure of the Qin Dynasty?