1. Demonstrative adjectives
In Spanish, as in English, demonstrative adjectives are words that “demonstrate” or “point out” nouns. Demonstrative adjectives precede the nouns they modify and, like other Spanish adjectives you have studied, agree with them in gender and number. Observe these examples and then study the chart below.
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2. There are three sets of demonstrative adjectives
There are three sets of demonstrative adjectives. To determine which one to use, you must establish the relationship between the speaker and the noun(s) being pointed out.
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3. Masculine Feminine Singular este esta Plural estos estas = This =These
Este vestido es muy bonito.
2) Esta camisa es cara. ¡Cuesta $90…Qué loco!
3) Estos pantalones me quedan grandes.
4) Estas camisetas son preciosas
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4. The demonstrative adjectives este, esta, estos, and estas are used to point out nouns that are close to the speaker and the listener.
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5. Masculine Feminine Singular ese esa Plural esos esas = That =Those
Me gusta ese impermeable. Es mi color favorito, azul.
2) Esa tienda vende ropa barata. Siempre tiene rebajas también.
3) Esos zapatos me quedan apretados. Necesito un par más grande.
4) Esas faldas son hermosas
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6. The demonstrative adjectives ese, esa, esos, and esas are used to point out nouns that are not close in space and time to the speaker. They may, however, be close to the listener.
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7. aquel aquella aquellos aquellas
Masculine
Feminine
Singular
aquel
aquella
Plural
aquellos
aquellas
= That (over there)
=Those (over there)
Me gusta aquel sombrero.
2) Aquella tienda vende ropa barata. Siempre tiene rebajas también.
3) Aquellos coches son chéveres. Quiero comprar uno algún día.
4) Aquellas personas son de Guatemala.
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8. The demonstrative adjectives aquel, aquella, aquellos, and aquellas are used to point out nouns that are far away from the speaker and the listener.
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9. Demonstrative pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns are identical to their corresponding demonstrative adjectives, with the exception that they carry an accent mark on the stressed vowel.
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10. This and These both have T’s (este, estes, esta, estas)
That and Those, no T goes (ese, esos, esa, esas)
Add an A for far away (aquel, aquellos, aquella, aquellas)
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12. ¡Atención! Like demonstrative adjectives, demonstrative pronouns agree in gender and number with the corresponding noun.
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13. There are three neuter demonstrative pronouns: esto, eso, and aquello
There are three neuter demonstrative pronouns: esto, eso, and aquello. These forms refer to unidentified or unspecified nouns, situations, ideas, and concepts. They do not change in gender or number and never carry an accent mark.
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14. Provide the correct form of the demonstrative adjective for these nouns. The first item has been done for you.
la falda / este ____________
los estudiantes / este ____________
los países / aquel ____________
la ventana / ese ____________
los periodistas / ese ____________
el chico / aquel ____________
las sandalias / este ____________
las chicas / aquel ____________
esta falda
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