1. Drop Everything and Read Warm up computer
In your Interactive Notebook: Unit.Day 3.3 Landmark Cases & The U.S. Legal System
ON YOUR DESK: 1) laptop (warming up)
2) Interactive NB
3) (Completed) Study guide
WARM UP
Drop Everything and Read
Warm up computer
(Quiz replaced by ACES on EQ1)
Today’s OBJECTIVE(S) -- WRITE THESE DOWN:
I can evaluate the purpose of major legal principles
I can cite examples of criminal, civil, constitutional, and administrative law

2. Updates & Deadlines By Today: ACES paragraph #1
Study Guide: through 2.3
ACES paragraph #1
Replaces quiz

3. 2nd Quarter paper due in December.
Current Events Discussion: Next Week – Find an article today if you need to.
Change to presentation methods:
You may present on any day of the week, but must present an article at least once each week.
Final chance to present will be on Fridays;
last 15 minutes each Friday being dedicated to current events discussions.
Weekly presentation and participation in class discussions on Current Events counts as 5% of your final grade.
The papers you will eventually write on controversial issues will count as 10%.
2nd Quarter paper due in December.

4. Right now, you should: Complete study guide for Day 3
Write an ACES Paragraph:
How do judges protect and interpret the constitution? Provide a specific case as an example.
Review the Supreme Court project and begin work on it.

5. Supreme Court Children’s Book Project
Due Thursday, November 7th
See handout (posted on Unit 3 page of website) for details
Begin Today only if you are when done with:
study guide for day 3
Supreme court interpretation handout (yesterday’s classwork)
Types of law handout (today’s classwork)
Select two Supreme Court Cases from the list provided
Research the cases using template provided
Write and illustrate an original children’s book explaining the case and why it was important
Present your children’s book to the class

6. Important Legal Principles
Rule of law
Independent judiciary
Presumption of Innocence
Due Process

7. Rule of Law We are a “nation of laws”
In our nation, we are ruled by the law
We are not ruled by rulers
Government makes laws, but laws have to be in line with the Constitution

8. Rule of Law
PRECEDENTS – court rulings that clarify the law and guide future court rulings
EXAMPLES:
Marbury v. Madison set a PRECEDENT that the supreme court has the power of judicial review
Brown v. Board set a PRECEDENT for school integration
Tinker v. Des Moines set a PRECEDENT that students have a right to express their political views at school, as long as they don’t disrupt class

9. An Independent Judiciary
Judges serve until death or retirement
If they had to get elected, they would pander to voters and might not always apply the law fairly
If they had to get re-appointed, Presidents would just replace judges they disagree with

10. Presumption of Innocence
If the government wants to put you in prison, it must prove you committed a crime
It should not be easy to take away a person’s freedom

11. BURDEN OF PROOF
Government must present evidence that proves to the jury that the accused is:
guilty “beyond a reasonable doubt”
Based on the evidence, any reasonable person would conclude that the accused did what they are accused of doing

12. “beyond a reasonable doubt”
Jury must reach a unanimous decision – every juror agrees
Jurors must be convinced that the defendant committed the crime
If juror has a REAL doubt that the person did what they are accused of, they must vote to acquit
Doubt must be reasonable, not imagined

13. Civil, Administrative, & Constitutional Law

14. What kind of laws are there?
Civil
Administrative
Criminal
Constitutional

15. Administrative Law
Laws that govern how businesses and industries must operate
Minimum wage
Health codes
DMV regulations

16. Civil Disputes between two private parties
When someone sues someone else

17. Civil Law Example
Torts – law suits brought against a person who caused you an injury or other damage
Medical or legal malpractice
If the city sewer is not covered and you fall in and break a leg
If the YMCA lets you swim during a lighting storm and you get electrocuted

18. Constitutional Law Involve interpretation of the constitution
suits can be brought if your constitutional rights are violated

19. Constitution requires Due Process
The government must use proper legal procedures before taking away a persons freedom or property
Must have evidence of a crime before getting a warrant
Must ensure that constitutional rights are provided to those accused of crimes
4th, 5th, 6th, 8th amendments
Everyone has a right to use the legal system
7th amendment

20. Warrants & Probable Cause
When police are ready to make an arrest, they get a judge to sign a warrant.
Police must have a warrant to arrest a person
UNLESS they have PROBABLE CAUSE
Clear visual evidence that you did the crime
Example: the cop saw johnny breaking into a car
The cop saw Ricky trying to hide a laptop under his coat and walk out of the store

21. Due Process: Exclusionary Rule
Government cannot use evidence if the evidence was obtained illegally
illegal searches make evidence “inadmissable”
That means it cannot be used in court

22. Due Process: Miranda Rights
Miranda v. Arizona
Supreme Court case
Police have to inform people they arrest of their rights to:
Remain silent (5th amendment)
Have an attorney (6th amendment)
Have an attorney you don’t have to pay for (6th amendment)

23. Criminal Law Laws to protect people and their property
Prosecuted by the State or Federal government
Violations can result in prison or fines

24. What is a Crime?
An act that breaks a federal or state criminal law and causes harm to people or society in general
Penal Code ~ Spells out the punishments that go with each of the crimes
Textbook p. 368

25. Types of Felonies Crimes against People
Violent or potentially violent crimes such as Murder, Manslaughter, Assault, Rape, and Kidnapping
Crimes against Property
Burglary, Robbery, Theft, Vandalism, and Fraud
Textbook p. 370

26. Punishment for Felonies?
Usually Prison
Sometimes a fine

27. Misdemeanors Less serious than felonies Still a criminal violation
EXAMPLEs
Minor theft
Disorderly conduct
Public intoxication
Some traffic offenses

28. Punishment for misdemeanors?
Usually a fine
Often community service

29. Why do they say the court system is “adversarial?”

30. Application! With a partner:
Read each scenario and complete each prompt.