1. Coloring the Periodic Table Families
8th Grade Science
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2. Families on the Periodic Table
Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties or how they react or combine with other elements
Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.
Elements in each family react differently with other elements.

3. Metals
Physical properties include: shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity
Chemical Properties include: reactivity which is the ease and speed with which an element combines or reacts with other elements and compounds
EX: Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust
Gold and platinum are not very reactive so we can use them for jewelry etc.
The Reactivity of metals tends to DECREASE as you move from left to right across the periodic table

4. ALKALI METALS Group 1 Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal
All are metals and solid at room temp
1 Valence Electron
Soft and silvery, shiny
Very reactive, esp. with water
Conduct electricity(lose 1 electron)
Only found in compounds

5. ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 Metals Solids at room temp
2 electrons in the outer shell
White, silvery, and malleable
Reactive, but less than Alkali metals(lose 2 electrons)
Conduct electricity

6. TRANSITION METALS Most familiar
Almost all are solids at room temp (Hg)
Good conductors of heat and electricity.
1 or 2 Valence Electrons
Less Reactive than Alkali and Alkaline Earth
Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

7. BORON FAMILY Group 13 3 electrons in the outer shell Most are metals
Boron is a metalloid
Reactive
Solid at room temp

8. CARBON FAMILY Group 14 4 electrons in the outer shell
Contains metals, metalloids, and 1 non-metal Carbon (C)
Reactivity varies
Solids at room temp

9. NITROGEN FAMILY Group 15 5 electrons in the outer shell
Can share electrons to form compounds
Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals
Reactivity Varies
Nitrogen is the only gas at room temp, rest are solids

10. OXYGEN FAMILY Group 16 6 electrons in the outer shell
Contains 2 metalloids, and 3 non-metals
Reactive
Oxygen is a gas, the rest are solids at room temp

11. Halogens Group 17 7 electrons in the outer shell
Non-metals, Uus is unknown
Very reactive - are often bonded with Group 1 Alkali Metals

12. Noble Gases Group 18 Exist as gases Non-metals
8 electrons in the outer shell = Full
Helium (He) has only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full
Not reactive with other elements

13. Rare Earth Metals (Lanthanides & Actinides)
Some are Radioactive
The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Conduct electricity
Top row Lanthanides
Bottom row Actinides